本研究把奖赏线索和目标导向的自动反应抑制范式相结合,来考察奖赏动机对自动反应抑制的影响。结果显示,基线阶段具有nogo颜色的侧翼字母会触发自动反应抑制,产生了反向兼容效应。奖赏阶段,奖赏条件下,go和nogo颜色的侧翼字母对反应时的影响不存在显著差异;非奖赏条件下, nogo颜色侧翼字母会产生更大的抑制效应,两种条件下nogo颜色的侧翼字母均没有引起反向兼容效应。结果表明：奖赏动机对自动反应抑制产生显著的影响,并且能够灵活地改变具有目标属性的侧翼字母的编码方式。
Abstract
Response inhibition includes auto-inhibition and control inhibition. However, many studies have not distinguished response inhibition. Reward motivation can affect the ability of reaction inhibition, but the influence of reward motivation on goal-oriented automatic reaction inhibition is not clear. This research combines reward cues and goal-oriented auto-response inhibition paradigm to investigate the influence of reward motivation on auto-response inhibition.
This research included the baseline phase and the reward phase. No rewards were included in the baseline phase to examine whether the flanking letters with nogo color would trigger automatic reaction suppression. In addition, in the baseline phase, the reward standard of the reward phase was adjustable based on the performance of the subjects, and the overall effect of reward motivation can be investigated in the joint reward phase. In the reward stage, reward clues were added to examine the influence of reward motivation on automatic response inhibition. In the reward stage, in order to ensure the validity of the clues and prevent the subjects from taking negative reaction measures (by extending the reaction time to increase the correct response rate to obtain bonuses), the experiment set two reward conditions. If the reaction time was faster than the 30th percentile reaction time of the correct response in the baseline phase, the participant could receive a high bonus of 0.1 yuan. Otherwise, the participant would receive a low bonus of .02 yuan. Participants would be informed of the amounts of current and cumulative reward after each trial.
The baseline phase was a two-factor within-subject design of 2 (compatibility: compatible, incompatible) *3(flanking letter colors: red-go, green-nogo, blue-neutral). We used the automatic response suppression paradigm and used E-prime 2.0 software to present visual stimuli. The results showed that the main effect of the color of the flanking letters was significant, and the response time under the conditions of the red flanking letters was significantly lower than that under the conditions of the green flanking letters and the blue flanking letters. The interaction between compatibility and the color of the flanking letters was significant. Only when the color of the flanking letters was green (nogo), the reaction time in compatible conditions was significantly higher than that in incompatible conditions, which may trigger a backward compatibility effect. This indicates that the nogo-colored flanking letters could trigger automatic reaction suppression.
The reward stage was a three-factor in-subject design of 2 (reward condition: reward, non-reward) *2 (compatibility: compatible, incompatible) *3 (flanking letter colors: red-go, green-nogo, blue-neutral). The results showed that the interaction between reward conditions and the color of the flanking letters was significant. Under the condition of reward cues, there was no significant difference in the reaction time under the condition of the flanking letter of the color attributes of go and nogo. However, in contrast to our expectation, the reverse compatibility effect disappeared in nogo color flanking conditions for both reward and non-reward cues. In the other two reward conditions, the neutral-colored wings produced a higher interference effect. The results proved that reward motivation only acts on the stimulus with the target color attribute.
This study demonstrated that reward motivation had a significant impact on automatic response inhibition, and could flexibly change the coding method of flanking letters with target attributes.
关键词
奖赏动机 /
自动反应抑制 /
反应抑制
Key words
reward motivation /
automatic response inhibition /
response inhibition
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