研究通过2个实验,探讨了运气感对创造力的影响以及创造自我效能的中介作用。实验1采用抽奖启动运气感,相较于坏运组和控制组,好运组在结构性想象任务中表现出更好的创造力。实验2探讨了创造自我效能的中介作用,采用运气回忆方式启动运气感。相较于坏运组,好运组的创造自我效能更强烈,在远距离联想测验中表现更好,创造自我效能在运气对创造力的影响中起中介作用。总结而言,启动好运感可以提升个体的创造力,创造自我效能起中介作用。
Abstract
Luck can be compared with experiences and perseverance, allowing researchers to break through the existing ideas, find a way to overcome difficulties, and generate new theories. Creativity is usually defined as the ability to generate novel and appropriate ideas, and to discover and create new things. This is often accompanied by risks and uncertainty. Innovation and creation may lead to unpredictable consequences. Studies reveal that subtle environmental cues can promote or hinder the generation of new ideas. Therefore, the environmental cues of luck can activate an individual's perception of luck, thereby promoting their creativity. In two experiments, we used lottery experience and luck event recall to prime one's perception of luck, and explored how luck affectd the performance of creativity. In general, the results revealed that priming good luck enhanced people's sense of creative self-efficacy, and thereby promoted their creativity.
Experiment 1 verified that perception of good luck can enhance one's creativity. We used the lottery experience to stimulate good or bad luck perception of the participants. The creativity test used a structural imagination task. A single factor (good luck vs. bad luck vs. neutral) between-group experimental design was used.One hundred and eighty fivegraduate students participated in the experiment. The results of the experiment revealed that, compared to the individuals who primed perception of bad luck, individuals who primed perception of good luck exhibited higher creativity in the structural imagination task.
Experiment 2 verified that creative self-efficacy involves an explanatory mechanism for perceiving luck to promote creativity. The experiment utilized the method of recalling events associated with luck to prime luck perception of the participants, and creativity was measured by utilizing the Remote Associates Test (RAT). A single factor (good luck vs. bad luck) between-group experimental design was adopted, and 165 undergraduate students participated in the experiment. Experimental results revealed that, compared to the individuals who primed perception of bad luck, individuals who primed perception of good luck had higher creative self-efficacy and performed better on the RAT. Creative self-efficacy played a mediating role with respect to the influence of luck perception on creativity.
To summarize, compared to the individuals who primed perception of bad luck, individuals who primed perception of good luck exhibited better creativity in the structural imagination task and the RAT. Creative self-efficacy mediated the influence of luck perception on creativity. That it, compared to the individuals who primed perception of bad luck, individuals who primed perception of good luck had higher creative self-efficacy and were more creative. The theoretical contributions of this study are as follows. First, we found that luck perception enhanced creativity of individuals and enables them to be more creative while solving problems. It provides novel evidence for the scientific and positive perception of luck. Second, we verified that creative self-efficacy actd as a mediating variable impacting the relationship between luck and creativity. Third, the paper explores the factors influencing creativity. Research exploring the influence of environmental cues on creativity, mostly focus on the impact of objective physical environmental cues on an individual's creativity. This study explores the influence of luck related cues on creativity, and demonstrates that luck is an important antecedent of individual creativity which can significantly increase creativity.
关键词
运气 /
创造自我效能 /
创造力 /
结构性想象任务 /
远距离联想测验
Key words
luck /
creative self-efficacy /
creativity /
structural imagination task /
remote associates test
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基金
*本研究得到国家自然科学基金项目（71962001）和江西省软科学研究培育基地东华理工大学资源与环境经济研究中心（21JDGL02,17RJC01）的资助
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