家烦宅乱,无心工作：家庭无礼行为对工作意义感的影响*

白麒钰; 贾汇源; 李弈; 王恩喆

doi:10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250516

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心理科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5) : 1210-1220. DOI: 10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250516

社会、人格与管理

家烦宅乱,无心工作：家庭无礼行为对工作意义感的影响^*

白麒钰¹, 贾汇源^**2, 李弈², 王恩喆³

作者信息 +

The Chaos at Home, the Meaningless at Work: The Impact of Family Incivility on Job Meaningfulness

Bai Qiyu¹, Jia Huiyuan², Li Yi², Wang Enzhe³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

当家庭中的不和谐渗透到工作场所,员工的动机与意义感会受到怎样的冲击?研究采用三阶段纵向追踪设计（每阶段间隔四周）,共获取297名员工的完整数据（男性占比65.3%）。研究结果显示：家庭无礼行为对员工内部动机和工作意义感有负面影响;内部动机在家庭无礼行为与工作意义感之间发挥了中介作用;员工感知的魅力型领导风格在家庭无礼行为与内部动机的关系中起到了调节作用,即当员工感知的魅力型领导风格较强时,家庭无礼行为对内部动机的负面效应较弱。研究结论深化了家庭无礼行为的跨领域影响研究,也拓展了自我决定理论在跨领域情境中的应用。文章呼吁企业管理者重视家庭因素的潜在影响,并通过有效的领导力来缓解其负面效应。

Abstract

In traditional Chinese culture, the saying that a harmonious family leads to success in everything reflects a deeply rooted value. Research has found that family life plays a double-edged role in people’s lives. On one hand, supportive family relationships offer emotional comfort and psychological backing. On the other hand, tensions at home can spill over into the workplace and affect one’ s performance. These effects aren’t just triggered by major conflicts; everyday family friction can also cause harm.
One such form of friction is family incivility, which involves subtle yet persistent negative behaviors such as sarcasm, indifference, and exclusion. Though low in intensity, these patterns can gradually wear down a person’s mental state and behavior. What’s more, the fallout from family incivility doesn’t stay at home. It often follows people to work. However, most current studies have focused on the surface-level impact it has on job behavior, while the deeper psychological processes remain largely overlooked.
Drawing on the self-determination theory and dual role theory, this study puts forward a framework for exploring how family incivility chips away at people’s intrinsic motivation and sense of work meaningfulness. According to Dual Role Theory, people juggle roles in both family and work, and stress in one area can spill over into the other. In this case, family incivility brings stress that colors people’s emotions and thoughts, which can then show up in how they approach work. That stress can sneak into the workplace through emotional and cognitive spillover, undermining motivation and distorting one’s sense of purpose in job.
The self-determination theory suggests that intrinsic motivation rests on three basic needs—autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Family incivility can make it harder to meet these needs. When those needs are not met, people tend to lose the internal drive that helps them stay engaged at work. So, this kind of home-based stress doesn’t just stay at home; it quietly eats away at what motivates people at work.
More than just a driver for productivity, intrinsic motivation shapes how people find meaning in their jobs. When emotional or cognitive stress from family life bleeds into work, it can muddy their sense of purpose. Intrinsic motivation acts as a bridge here—it connects the dots between unmet psychological needs and the fading sense of meaning in one’s work.
That said, the impact of family incivility isn’t set in stone. Charismatic leadership, a form of workplace support, can help soften the blow. Leaders with vision and emotional appeal can offer employees the reassurance they need, helping them regain a sense of control, capability, and belonging. By offering encouragement and purpose, these leaders can reignite employees’ belief in their work and its purpose.
This research used a three-wave survey design, spaced four weeks apart, to collect data from 297 employees in a state-owned company. Results show that family incivility tends to wear down employees’ intrinsic motivation, and that drop in motivation partly explains why they may feel their work has lost meaning. Furthermore, charismatic leadership acts as a buffer. When this type of leadership is weak, the hit to intrinsic motivation is stronger; but when such leadership is strong, the link between family incivility and low motivation largely disappears. In fact, the indirect impact of family incivility on work meaningfulness only shows up when charismatic leadership is lacking.
This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how family incivility affects employee motivation, offering a fuller picture of what shapes people’s experience of meaning at work. It stresses the role of the family environment in shaping work attitudes and shows how strong, inspirational leadership can keep employees grounded, even when home life is tough. By helping employees meet their basic psychological needs, charismatic leaders can support well-being and motivation at work. The takeaway for organizations is clear: pay attention to the pressures employees carry from home, and invest in leaders who can lead with both heart and purpose.

导出引用

白麒钰, 贾汇源, 李弈, 王恩喆. 家烦宅乱,无心工作：家庭无礼行为对工作意义感的影响^*[J]. 心理科学. 2025, 48(5): 1210-1220 https://doi.org/10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250516

Bai Qiyu, Jia Huiyuan, Li Yi, Wang Enzhe. The Chaos at Home, the Meaningless at Work: The Impact of Family Incivility on Job Meaningfulness[J]. Journal of Psychological Science. 2025, 48(5): 1210-1220 https://doi.org/10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250516

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