基于日常经验取向，运用理论建构和深度访谈的方法，研究责任的心理结构以及责任情境的认知特征。对207名被试访谈研究的结果表明：（1）责任是人们频繁感知和体验到的一种社会心理现象；（2）人们体察到的责任情境，在职业活动和个人生活领域存在类型上的差异；（3）在职业活动中，人们更倾向于将责任归因于他人，而在个人生活中更倾向于归因于自己；（4）人们对责任情境性质的判定与责任事件最终能否达到预期目标有关；（5）责任心理结构共由情境起因、自我效能、成就感、内外动机等20个核心要素构成；（6）责任心理结构是一个由责任认知、责任情感和责任行为三者构成的一元单向决定模式。
Abstract
Responsibility is a social and cultural phenomenon, as well as a mental and behavioral phenomenon. To analysis and enquire the psychological law of responsibility, from the viewpoint of social psychology, is of profound theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, based on an everyday-experience approach, both methods consisted of theoretical analysis and interview study with 207 participators are used to analysis the mental framework of responsibility, and several other issues related to responsibility situations. The results are: (1) Responsibility is a social phenomenon experienced continually by people in everyday life. (2) The kind of responsibility situation recalled by interviewer is different in private and professional life: the former focuses interrelation, whereas the latter focuses performing duty. (3) In professional life, the causation of the situation tends to be attributed to other people; but in private life, it used to be attributed to oneself. (4) The judgment of responsibility situation depends upon if the results of the situation fit one’s expectation. (5) The mental factors of responsibility consist of 20 primary elements, such as causation of the situation, self-efficacy, the sense of achievement, inner motive, and so on. (6) The mental framework of responsibility is made up of responsibility cognition, responsibility emotion and responsibility conduct, which forms a one-way operating pattern.
关键词
责任 /
责任情境 /
心理结构 /
日常经验取向
Key words
responsibility /
responsibility situation /
mental framework /
everyday-experience approach
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