通过对536名大学生的问卷调查和心理测量，探讨了父母教养方式与双元孝道及普遍尊老的关系。结果显示：(1)父母关爱性教养方式对互惠性孝道及父母控制性教养方式对权威性孝道具有正向显著预测作用，(2)权威性孝道在父母控制性教养方式和普遍尊老之间起完全中介作用，父母关爱性教养方式对互惠性孝道和普遍尊老具有直接预测作用；(3)父亲的情感温暖对普遍尊老具有直接作用，母亲的情感温暖通过互惠性孝道间接影响普遍尊老。父母关爱性和控制性教养方式对双元孝道和普遍尊老遵从不同的影响机制。

The family as the basic unit of the society, it is the embryo of social interpersonal relationships, the root of the harmonious interpersonal family is that parents love their children, and the children give filial piety to their parents. As children grow up by different parenting style in the family, and they form the different filial piety which affects their dealing with interpersonal relationship. The culture of filial piety includes the thought of respecting common senior citizen and care the old as we care our old which make filial piety expand to the whole society, children not only respect their own parents, but also to love other people’s parents with the same feelings. To examine the relationship between parenting style, dual filial piety and respecting common senior citizen, the present study explore the modulating pattern of these factors using the structural equation modeling. A total of 536 students (240 male and 295female) from two universities in Wuhan were enrolled. They completed the EMBU, the Filial Piety Concept Scale, and the Respect for Senior Citizen Scale. It took about 20 minutes to complete the questionnaires. The correlations among factors were calculated with SPSS 16.0 and Structural equation model was applied to deal with all data. In the analysis of structural equation modeling, four models were constructed; one for the hypothetical model and the other for the competing model. The results indicated that the controlled parenting style had significant direct effect on authoritarian filial piety, the cared parenting style had significant direct effect on reciprocal filial piety; the authoritarian filial piety plays complete intermediary role between controlled rearing and respecting common senior citizen, the reciprocal filial piety did not play complete intermediary role between care of rearing and respecting common senior citizen, the care of rearing had significant direct effect on reciprocal filial piety and respecting to common senior citizen; the care of rearing of father had significant direct effect on reciprocal filial piety and the respecting to common senior citizen, the care of rearing of mother had significant indirect effect on respecting to common senior citizen from reciprocal filial piety. In line with the moral cognition development theory, these findings demonstrated that different parenting style such as controlled parenting style, cared parenting style and dual filial piety have significant impact on respecting common senior citizen, while controlled parenting style contribute to authoritarian filial piety and failure to reciprocal filial piety, cared parenting style contribute to reciprocal filial piety and failure to authoritarian filial piety. The care of rearing of father and the care of rearing of mother have different impact on reciprocal filial piety and authoritarian filial piety, and on respecting common senior citizen. The care of rearing of father had direct effect on reciprocal filial piety and the respecting to common senior citizen; the care of rearing of mother had indirect effect on respecting to common senior citizen from reciprocal filial piety. These findings suggest that in order to improve the consciousness of respecting to common senior citizen of the youth, parenting style and filial piety play a critical role. Parents and educators are very necessary to set up a good parenting style to establish filial piety and improve the consciousness of respecting to common senior citizen of the youth.