心理距离对风险决策框架效应的影响

段锦云; 朱月龙; 陈婧

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心理科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6) : 1404-1407.

基础、实验与工效

心理距离对风险决策框架效应的影响

段锦云,朱月龙,陈婧

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Experimental Research on the Effect of Psychological Distance on Risky Choice Framing Effect

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摘要

解释水平理论是一种解释心理距离怎样影响个体的思维决策的社会认知理论。研究基于解释水平理论，探查了心理距离对风险决策框架效应的影响。实验从心理距离的四个维度入手，每个维度均采用2（解释水平高、低）×2（正框架、负框架）的被试间设计，用于检验解释水平是否调节框架对被试决策任务的选择。结果表明，当心理距离越远，解释水平越高时，被试产生明显的框架效应；而当心理距离越近，解释水平越低时，框架效应明显减弱。除了大概率情况下的框架效应削弱至不显著，其余维度的高、低解释水平下的框架效应均显著。

Abstract

Construal Level Theory (CLT) is a social cognitive theory which was used to account for how psychological distance affects thought and decision making. From the perspective of CLT, this study explored how psychological distance affects the likelihood of risky choice framing effect. The study examined the effects of CLT on risky choice framing effect by conducting a 2(construal level: high vs. low) × 2(task frame: positive vs. negative) between subject factorial experiment from four dimensions (time, space, social distance, and probability) of psychological distance. Each dimension has four situations. It includes 16 situations in all. Every participant should finish one of the situational questionnaires randomly. The results showed that effect of risky choice framing effect was more significant in the high construal level condition than the low construal level condition. Specifically, participants in high-level construal condition conduct abstract processing and show more significant framing effect. Participants in low-level construal condition, in contrast, focus on concrete message and are more sensitive to the frame message. In addition to case of the high probability, risky choice framing effect was significant in each condition of the rest dimensions, which reflect the stability of framing effect. The outcome is consistent with our hypotheses. The results of this study provided evidence of the close connection between CLT and framing effect. In sum, construal level can influence the risky choice framing effect. Future study should pay attention to the mechanism of this interesting phenomenon.

导出引用

段锦云朱月龙陈婧. 心理距离对风险决策框架效应的影响[J]. 心理科学. 2013, 36(6): 1404-1407

Experimental Research on the Effect of Psychological Distance on Risky Choice Framing Effect[J]. Journal of Psychological Science. 2013, 36(6): 1404-1407

中图分类号： B849

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