关键词: 认知心理学, 离身认知, 具身认知, 范式演进, 文化反思

Abstract: Over the past 40 years，contemplating on the Kuhn’s paradigm theory，from the development of Cognitive science，that has undergone three major research paradigms：symbolic paradigm, Connectionist Paradigms and embodied cognition paradigm. Among them, symbolic paradigm and connection paradigm is known to be the first generation of science. In short, the human’s information processing is disembodied cognitive. Embodied cognition paradigm emerged in the last century in the late 1980s, and advocated the human mind embodied cognitive. The rise of embodied cognition has changed the traditional disembodied cognitive function or characterization of calculating the limitations of be unable to fully describe the human cognition, from the fundamental answered the world proposition of human cognition and interpretation from the relationship between the physical and mental interaction. Looking away cognitive development and cognitive research paradigm evolution path from the embodied cognition to the disembodied cognition, on Kuhn’s perspective, easy to see, in its nearly half a century of exploration process, Descartes 'dualism' shadow always marching orders persists, the spirit of the natural sciences is always respected its unaltered tone, humanities and cultural consciousness is declining. From disembodied cognitive to embodied cognitive, on the one hand cognitive psychology of human information processing of fine-experimental study, summarizing the basic characteristics of many psychological processes，and providing psychological process of understanding the scientific basis of individual differences. And the other also show shifting each paradigm from cognitive science，that in fact inherently contains profound changes of its research ideas, research methods and research techniques. by the depth of reflection of each paradigm evolution，not only which can inspire the paradigm review，deepen their understanding and application，but also make cognitive psychology from the first generation to the second generation revolution lead to more rationalization，context and culturalization, which enables one to obtain more solid and comprehensive understanding. This paradigm shift for cognitive science on the physical and mental binary relations make possible amendments, and make system, dynamic comprehensive exploration for machine production on cognitive brain, body, and environment to shape the psychological trinity. In addition, the paradigm shift also implies a change in such a psychological perspective: From natural to the integration of nature and phenomena. This change in perspective is actually implicit on cognitive science of their own efforts and try in overcoming the limitations of in the cultural context: emphasizing situational, embodied, power and other characteristics, beginning to emphasize the cognitive into real life be examined in the nature of cognition as a living body environment activities in real time. We can expect, with the development of cognitive neuroscience, cultural neuroscience, culture has a variety of different levels as a constituent power system exists, which is likely to be achieved from psychological research process theories, techniques and methods to provide better a scientific, basis and forward-looking support, and may usher in a new era of development psychology.

Key words: cognitive psychology, disembodied cognitive, embodied cognitive, paradigm evolution, cultural reflection