社会互动视角下的有意识情绪感染

魏艳秋; 陈晶露; 徐晓惠; 胡平

PDF(421 KB)

心理科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1) : 130-136.

社会、人格与管理

社会互动视角下的有意识情绪感染

魏艳秋¹,陈晶露²,³,徐晓惠¹,胡平¹

作者信息 +

Intentional Emotional Contagion in the Perspective of Social Interaction

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

随着超扫描技术的兴起，研究者们开始关注社会互动情境中有意识情绪感染的脑间神经同步问题。研究发现，脑间神经同步可能是有意识情绪感染在神经层面的指标。“发送者-接收者”模式的应用使得研究者们思考自我-他人重叠理论是否可作为有意识情绪感染脑间神经同步的心理解释机制？未来研究可采用基于自然情境的“发送者-接收者”模式以及“自然讨论”模式来探究不同社会因素对有意识情绪感染及其脑间同步机制的影响；未来还应构建有意识情绪感染的多模态超扫描平台，以此拓展相关研究。

Abstract

The birth of hyperscanning technique led to the evolution of social cognitive neuroscience from the observation of "single-brain" to the interaction of "multi-brain". The exploration of brain activity under natural situations has become a new research trend of social cognitive neuroscience. And more and more researchers began to pay attention to the inter-brain neural synchronization mechanism of emotional contagion in social interaction with the rise of hyperscanning technique. Different from primitive emotional contagion, intentional emotional contagion involves more cognitive resources. What’s more, the self-other representations of intentional emotional contagion are relatively separate. In this paper, we introduced two related theories and summarized three highly relevant literature of intentional emotional contagion in social interaction, and then, we proposed some future directions on intentional emotional contagion in social interaction. First, the Social Relations Model described three main variables in interpersonal communication: the sender, the receiver, and the social relationship between sender and receiver. The Self-Other Overlap theory showed us that higher levels of self-other overlap could promote our empathy for others’ emotions, enabling people to understand the intentions and emotional states of others in a timely and accurate manner. In this way, higher levels of self-other overlap could promote the effects of emotional contagion between two interacting individuals. Secondly, the paradigm of the three highly related papers used the “sender-receiver” communication mode. The senders tried to indulge themselves into their emotional situations and tried to share their emotional feelings with their partners. While the receiver tried to feel with the sender. Anders et al. (2011) and Smirnov et al. (2019) used fMRI pseudo-hyperscanning technique to explore intentional emotional contagion based on auditory channels. The pseudo-hyperscanning technique explored brain mechanisms in social interaction by recording one person's brain activity in advance and then having the other individual receive pre-recorded stimuli. Therefore, the information transmitted from receiver to sender was missing. While Kinoshita et al. (2019) conducted a real EEG hyperscanning study of intentional emotional contagion based on visual channels. The two participants in the same room interacted via the real-time video. However, this study was also not conducted in natural situations. And the results of the above research showed that inter-brain neural synchronization may be used as a neuromarker of intentional emotional contagion. Besides, the brain mechanism of intentional emotional contagion in social interaction mainly involved two nervous systems: mirror neuron system (MNS) and mentalizing system (MS). Thirdly, on account of the application of the “sender-receiver” communication mode in the field of intentional emotional contagion and the natural situation paradigm in other social cognitive neuroscience, we firstly propose that whether self-other overlap could also be used as the psychological mechanism for inter-brain neural synchronization of intentional emotional contagion. For future research, we can use natural situation paradigm to explore the influence of different social factors on intentional emotional contagion and its inter-brain neural synchronization. At the same time, we can also build a multimodal hyperscanning platform to carry out related research.

引用本文

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

导出引用

魏艳秋陈晶露徐晓惠胡平. 社会互动视角下的有意识情绪感染[J]. 心理科学. 2023, 46(1): 130-136

Intentional Emotional Contagion in the Perspective of Social Interaction[J]. Journal of Psychological Science. 2023, 46(1): 130-136

参考文献

成晓君, 刘美焕, 潘亚峰, 李红. (2021). 教与学的大脑：人际神经科学助推教育研究. 心理科学进展, 29(10), 1-9. 黄翯青, 苏彦捷. (2012). 共情的毕生发展：一个双过程的视角. 心理发展与教育, 28(4), 434-441. 李先春, 卑力添, 袁涤, 丁雅娜, 冯丹阳. (2018). 超扫描视角下的社会互动脑机制. 心理科学, 41(6), 1484–1491. 郑丽莉, 成晓君, 胡谊, 李先春. (2015). 超扫描的发展及其在教育领域的应用潜力. 教育生物学杂志, 3(1), 35–42. 刘聪慧, 王永梅, 俞国良, 王拥军. (2009). 共情的相关理论评述及动态模型探新. 心理科学进展, 17(5), 964–972. 王启忱, 刘赞, 苏彦捷. (2021). 共情的毕生发展及其神经基础. 中国科学: 生命科学, 51. 王益文, 杨雪, 姚小强, 付超. (2021). 人类互动脑—脑耦合的计算方法. 科学通报, 66(4–5), 501–514. 颜志强, 苏金龙, 苏彦捷. (2019). 从人类共情走向智能体共情. 心理科学, 42(2), 299-306. 张曼, 刘欢欢. (2018). 社会交流中人际神经同步的认知机制. 心理科学, 41(2), 378–383. 张如倩, 刘洁琼, 李先春. (2019). 社会互动视角下人际公平形成的脑机制. 心理学报, 51(9), 1007–1017. 左世江, 王芳, 石霞飞, 张啸. (2014). 简单情绪感染及其研究困境. 心理科学进展, 22(5), 791-801. 钟毅平, 杨子鹿, 范伟. (2015). 自我—他人重叠对助人行为的影响：观点采择的调节作用. 心理学报, 47(8), 1050–1057. Anders, S., Heinzle, J., Weiskopf, N., Ethofer, T., & Haynes, J. D. (2011). Flow of affective information between communicating brains. NeuroImage, 54(1), 439–446. Ashton–James, C. E., & Levordashka, A. (2013). When the wolf wears sheep’s clothing: Individual differences in the desire to be liked influence nonconscious behavioral mimicry. Social Psychological & Personality Science, 4(6), 643–648. Barsade, S. G. (2002). The ripple effect: Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47(4), 644–675. Belkin, L. Y. (2009). Emotional contagion in the electronic communication context: Conceptualizing the dynamics and implications of electronic encounters. Journal of Organizational Culture, 13(2), 111–130. Back, M. D., & Kenny, D. A. (2010). The social relations model: How to understand dyadic processes. Social & Personality Psychology Compass, 4, 855–870. Cheng, X. J., Li, X. C, & Hu, Y. (2015). Synchronous brain activity during cooperative exchange depends on gender of partner: A fNIRS–based hyperscanning study. Human Brain Mapping, 36(6), 2039–2048. Dumas, G. (2011). Towards a two–body neuroscience. Communicative and Integrative Biology, 4(3), 349–352. Decety, J., & Lamm, C. (2006). Human empathy through the lens of social Neuroscience. The Scientific World Journal, 6, 1146–1163. Decety, J., & Meyer, M. (2008). From emotion resonance to empathic understanding: A social developmental neuroscience account. Development and Psychopathology, 20(4), 1053–1080. de Vignemont, F., & Singer, T. (2006). The empathic brain: how, when and why? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10(10), 435–441. Dikker, S., Wan, L., Davidesco, I., Kaggen, L., Oostrik, M., McClintock, J., et al. (2017). Brain–to–brain synchrony tracks real–world dynamic group interactions in the classroom. Current Biology, 27, 1375–1380. Farroni, T., Csibra, G., Simion, F., Johnson, M. H. (2002). Eye contact detection in humans from birth. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99(14), 9602–9605. Falk, E., & Scholz, C. (2017). Persuasion, Influence, and Value: Perspectives from Communication and Social Neuroscience. Annual Review of Psychology, 69, 329-356. Gilam, G., & Hendler, T. (2016). With love, from me to you: embedding social interactions in affective neuroscience. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 68, 590–601. Gvirts, H. Z., & Perlmutter, R. (2019). What guides us to neurally and behaviorally align with anyone specific? A neurobiological model based on fNIRS hyperscanning studies. The Neuroscientist. 26(2), 107385841986191. Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1993). Emotional contagion. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2(3), 96–100. Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1994). Emotional contagion–studies in emotion and social interaction. New York: Cambridge University Press. Hasson, U., & Frith, C. D. (2016). Mirroring and beyond: coupled dynamics as a generalized framework for modelling social interactions. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 371(1693), 20150366. Jiang, J., Dai, B., Peng, D., Zhu, C., Liu, L., & Lu, C. (2012). Neural synchronization during face–to–face communication. The Journal of Neuroscience, 32(45),16064–16069. Kingsbury, L., & Hong, W. (2020). A Multi–Brain Framework for Social Interaction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 43(9), 1–16. Konvalinka, I., & Roepstorff, A. (2012). The two-brain approach: how can mutually interacting brains teach us something about social interaction? Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 215. Kelsen, B. A., Sumich, A., Kasabov, N., Liang, S. H. Y., & Wang, G. Y. (2020). What has social neuroscience learned from hyperscanning studies of spoken communication? A systematic review. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, June. Kinoshita, T., Tanaka, H., Yoshino, K., & Nakamura, S. (2019). Measuring affective sharing between two people by EEG hyperscanning. In 2019 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI’ 19), October 14–18, 2019, Suzhou, China. ACM, New York, NY, USA. Karremans, J. C., & Verwijmeren, T. (2008). Mimicking attractive opposite–sex others: The role of romantic relationship status. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 939–950. Leong, V., Byrne, E., Clackson, K., Georgieva, S., Lam, S., Wass, S. (2017). Speaker gaze increases information coupling between infant and adult brains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(50), 13290–13295. Liu, D., et al. (2018). Interactive Brain Activity: Review and Progress on EEG–Based Hyperscanning in Social Interactions. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1862. Nakahashi, W., & Ohtsuki, H. (2015). When is emotional contagion adaptive? Journal of Theoretical Biology, 380, 480–488. Neumann, R., & Strack, F. (2000). “Mood contagion”: The automatic transfer of mood between persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(2), 211–223. Orden, K. A. V., & Joiner, T. E. (2006). A Role for the Contagion of Emotion? A Comment on Segrin (2004). Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(8), 825–832. Pan, Y., Cheng, X., Zhang, Z., Li, X., & Hu, Y. (2017). Cooperation in lovers: an fNIRS–based hyperscanning study. Human Brain Mapping, 38(2), 831–841. Pan, Y., Novembre, G., Song, B., Li, X., & Hu, Y. (2018). Interpersonal synchronization of inferior frontal cortices tracks social interactive learning of a song. NeuroImage, S105381191830692X–. Reindl, V., Gerloff, C., Scharke, W., & Konrad, K. (2018). Brain–to–brain synchrony in parent–child dyads and the relationship with emotion regulation revealed by fNIRS–based hyperscanning. NeuroImage, 178(November 2017), 493–502. Redcay, E., & Schilbach, L. (2019). Using second–person neuroscience to elucidate the mechanisms of social interaction. Nature reviews Neuroscience, 20(8), 495–505. Shamay–Tsoory, S. G., Aharon–Peretz, J., & Perry, D. (2009). Two systems for empathy: a double dissociation between emotional and cognitive empathy in inferior frontal gyrus versus ventromedial prefrontal lesions. Brain, 132(3), 617–627. Sonkusare, S., Breakspear, M., & Guo, C. (2019). Naturalistic Stimuli in Neuroscience: Critically Acclaimed. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23(8), 699–714. Schoot, L., Hagoort, P., & Segaert, K. (2016). What can we learn from a two–brain approach to verbal interaction? Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 68, 454–459. Spoor, J. R., & Kelly, J. R. (2004). The evolutionary significance of affect in groups: Communication and group bonding. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 7(4), 398–412. Shamay-Tsoory, S. G., & Mendelsohn, A. (2019). Real-life neuroscience: An ecological approach to brain and behavior research. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(5), 841-859. Smirnov, D., Saarim?ki, H., Glerean, E., Hari, R., Sams, M., & Nummenmaa, L. (2019). Emotions amplify speaker–listener neural alignment. Human Brain Mapping, 40, 4777–4788. Schilbach, L., Timmermans, B., Reddy, V., Costall, A., Bente, G., Schlicht, T., & Vogeley, K. (2013). Toward a second–person neuroscience. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36(4), 393–414. Thonhauser, G. (2018). Shared emotions: a Steinian proposal. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences, 17, 997–1015. Wang, M. Y., et al. (2018). Concurrent mapping of brain activation from multiple subjects during social interaction by hyperscanning: a mini–review. Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery, 8(8), 819–837. Zhang, Y., Meng, T., Hou, Y., Pan, Y., & Hu, Y. (2018). Interpersonal brain synchronization associated with working alliance during psychological counseling. Psychiatry Research–Neuroimaging, 282, 103–109.