共同内群体认同的心理效应及其影响因素*

doi:10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20240222

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 共同内群体认同是不同子群体成员进行再分类后,对共同的上位群体产生的积极认同的情感。共同内群体认同能够产生促进心理融合、降低群际偏见和增加亲社会行为等积极效应;但在某些情况下,共同内群体认同也会产生降低信任与内疚感、增加群际敌意与偏见和减少亲社会行为等消极效应。对不同群体的感知相似性和形成共同内群体的动机等个体心理属性、群体规模和群体地位等群体属性、不同情境类型以及再分类方式会对共同内群体认同效应产生影响。检验共同内群体认同效应出现矛盾的原因、探索不同因素的共同作用,并结合现实背景考虑群体身份变换性在再分类中的应用,将是未来研究的重要方向。

关键词: 共同内群体认同, 再分类, 群际关系, 积极效应, 消极效应

Abstract: Social categorization is a labeling cue for identity in people's lives, and it is also a way for people to develop psychological identity. When individuals gain membership in a group, they tend to compare their in-group with out-group, identify positively with the group they belong to, and give more positive evaluations to in-group members. Common ingroup identity is the positive identification emotion that group members feel toward the new superior group after constructing a new superior group for members of different groups. It can produce positive effects such as promoting psychological integration, reducing intergroup prejudice, and increasing prosocial behavior. Yet, some studies have also found that the effects of common ingroup identity can be short-lived in the face of categorizations that have strong social identity significance (e.g., race and religion). However, previous studies have mostly focused on the positive effects of common ingroup identity, its negative effects have been less addressed. Therefore, this paper summarizes the different effects of common ingroup identity from both positive and negative perspectives, explores the various factors that influence its role, and puts forward directions for future research on common ingroup identity in the context of Chinese ethnic groups.
Common ingroup identity is the positive feeling of identification with a new group, which is the result of the process of reclassifying individuals who were previously viewed as members of different groups into a common and superior in-group identity. On the one hand, this reclassification of groups has been shown to be positive. It promotes intergroup psychological integration and thus, increases satisfaction with each other. It plays an important role in reducing intergroup prejudice and easing intergroup relations. It also increases prosocial and helping behaviors. On the other hand, common ingroup identity can also be negative. There is evidence that it can reduce trust, increase intergroup hostility and prejudice, and reduce prosocial behavior due to the emergence of superiority complexes. Based on the two diametrically opposite effects, and combined with some perspectives from ongoing research by related scholars in recent years, the key influences on shared in-group identity are further summarized: individual psychological attributes such as perceived similarity to different groups and motivation to form common ingroups, group attributes such as group size and group status, different situation types, and the methods of reclassification.
Common in-group identity provides an important pathway for promoting positive interactions between groups, but it can have both positive and negative effects under different conditions. We need to further advance and explore the areas related to common ingroup identity in the future. We should repeatedly test the contradictory results of the common ingroup identity effect in the and explore the causes behind it. Future studies could explore the interaction of various factors to find the boundary point for different effects and could adopt a new reclassification method to study the important direction of the common group identity of the floating population in combination with the current realistic background.

Key words: common ingroup identity, recategorization, intergroup relationship, positive effect, negative effect

祝婷, 李凌智, 温芳芳, 佐斌, 鞠一琰, 龙佳慧. 共同内群体认同的心理效应及其影响因素^*[J]. 心理科学, 2024, 47(2): 440-449.

Zhu Ting, Li Lingzhi, Wen Fangfang, Zuo Bin, Ju Yiyan, Long Jiahui. The Psychological Effects and Influencing Factors Of Common Ingroup Identity[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2024, 47(2): 440-449.

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共同内群体认同的心理效应及其影响因素^*

The Psychological Effects and Influencing Factors Of Common Ingroup Identity

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