关键词: 特质焦虑, 减弱调节, LPP

Abstract: Trait anxiety is defined by Spielberger (1966) as the propensity to assess internal stimuli or external events in a manner that causes anxiety. It is a susceptibility factor for individuals to experience more frequent, more intense anxiety and pathological development. Studies have shown that individuals with high trait anxiety have deficits in emotional regulation. Based on the process model and the extended process of emotion regulation which Gross proposed, emotions will gradually spread over time. The occurrence and regulation of emotions also exhibit periodic spiral development due to interaction. The investigator should further expand the measurement time course of emotional regulation when judging the adjustment of the individual during real-time emotional activation. This experiment uses the Reactivity and Regulation-Image Task to test the performance of adolescents with high and low trait anxiety in real-time regulation of their emotions over a long period of time. Based on the calculation formula of emotion regulation effect, effects of down regulation on negative stimuli are calculated as a indicator. At the same time, we use the event relevant potential technology which has high sensitivity to time, the electrophysiological changes of adolescents with high and low trait anxiety in regulating negative emotional reactions were investigated in different time phases. This experiment utilized 2 (emotion regulation strategies: down regulation strategies vs. no strategies)×2 (emotion stimulus: negative vs. neutral)×2 (group: high trait anxiety vs. low trait anxiety) mixed design. Emotion regulation strategies and emotion stimulus are within-subject factors, group is between-subject factor. The dependent variable is the emotional arousal of the subject and the average amplitude of the LPP in the parietal region (P3, P4, P7, P8, Pz) in the early (300-600ms), middle (600-1000ms) and late time windows (1000-1500ms). It was found that from the behavioral data, both groups of subjects were able to achieve the goal of down-regulation, but the low trait anxiety group had a stronger ability to down regulation. From the EEG data, 300-600 ms after the stimulation was presented, the subjects with high trait anxiety were significantly smaller than those with low trait anxiety in the negative emotion down regulation effect. At 600-1000 ms after stimulation was presented, subjects with high trait anxiety were significantly more likely to have higher LPP than those with low trait anxiety. After 1000 ms, there was no significant difference between the two groups. This indicates that the ability of adolescents with high trait anxiety in China to down regulate their negative emotional response is in generally good, but there may be some lag in the low trait anxiety adolescents.Although there is a certain difference between adolescents with high and low trait anxiety, that is, the effect of low trait anxiety adolescents may be better, but high trait anxiety adolescents can also moderate negative emotional experience. In other words, if a high trait anxiety adolescent is given a longer buffer time for emotional regulation, they can get a more adaptive emotional experience.

Key words: trait anxiety, down regulation, LPP