Abstract: Employing dual-process signal-detection model(Yonelinas, Regehr,& Jacoby, 1995) to calculate the explicit and implicit memory, the experiment was designed to investigate the effect of emotion-congruency on explicit and implicit memory of individuals with non-clinical depression and participants exhibiting experimentally induced depressed emotion. The word stimuli utilised in the current study were drawn from Modern Chinese Emotion Lexicon. The total set of words consisted of 40 happy words, 40 neutral words and 40 depressed words. Two sets (A & B) of 60 stimuli were constructed. Each set featured 20 happy, 20 neutral and 20 depressed words. Initially, participants completed the Self-Rating Depression Scale. According to scores, 96 undergraduate students were invited to participate in the main study(32 non-clinical depressed subjects and 64 non-depressed subjects). Half of non-depressed subjects were allocated into induced depressed group and induced by film segments. All participants were then presented with one of sets of words(randomly assigned to view either set A or B) and asked to rate by seven-point. Following the encoding phase, there was a 3-minute delay period, during which time participants were asked to count the○, ▲, ■,& ★. At memory testing, participants were presented with the appropriate set of words (consisted of 30 familiar from encoding set plus 30 novel distracters from the other set) one at a time in a random order and keyed-in their “old” and “new” responses using the labelled keys, according to the test instructions(either inclusion or exclusion). Once the recognition memory phase of experiment was completed, participants were thanked for their participation. The dual-process signal-detection model was used to computed parameters of explicit and implicit memory based on the proportion of “old”responses. A series of 3(group; non-clinical depressed vs. induced depressed vs. non-depressed) × 3(word valence; happy vs. neutral vs. depressed) mixed factorial ANOVA were conducted to analyse the emotion-congruency on explicit and implicit memory. The results showed that (1) non-clinical depressed subjects and induced depressed subjects could recollect more depressed words than neutral and happy words(p < .01); (2) the increase in familiarity of depressed words is higher than neutral and happy words in non-clinical depressed group and induced depressed group(p < .01), and higher than depressed words in control group(p < .01).Thus, the study indicated the presence of emotion-congruent effect in explicit and implicit memory, and both in non-clinical depressed people and induced depressed people.

Key words: emotion-congruent effect, explicit memory, implicit memory, dual-process signal-detection model

摘要： 基于Yonelinas等双加工信号检测模型对再认记忆测验中外显记忆与内隐记忆分离的方法，以96名大学生为被试，考察了诱发抑郁与非临床抑郁状态下外显和内隐记忆的情绪一致性效应。结果表明诱发抑郁组和非临床抑郁组对抑郁词的外显记忆成绩显著高于对中性词和愉快词；对抑郁词的内隐记忆成绩亦显著高于对中性词和愉快词，且显著高于控制组对抑郁词的内隐记忆成绩。情绪一致性记忆效应在非临床抑郁个体和诱发抑郁个体的外显和内隐记忆中均存在。

关键词: 情绪一致性, 内隐记忆, 外显记忆, 双加工信号检测模型