Abstract: Adolescence is considered as the time full of “storm and stress” and characterized by fluctuations of mood states. Two laboratory experiments were conducted to elucidate the differences of up-regulation and down-regulation effects between adolescents and adults toward emotional stimuli of various valence (positive/neutral/negative) and arousal (high/low). It’s hypothesized and verified that adults have larger regulation effect size than adolescents. 　　Study 1 used a 2（age: adolescents/adults, between subject）? 3(emotional valence: positive/negative/neural, within subject) ? 3(emotion regulation strategy: up regulation/down regulation/no regulation, within subject) mixed design. The Reactivity and Regulation-Image Task (REAR-I Task; Carthy, Horesh, Apter, Edge, & Gross, 2010) was utilized upon 35 adolescents and 35 adults to exam their up-regulation and down-regulation effects of positive, neutral, and negative emotional stimuli. Results showed that: (1) besides the similar effects of negative emotion up regulation between adolescents and adults, the other three regulation effect sizes were larger in adults than in adolescents. However, negative emotion up regulation by definition is not an adaptive kind of emotion regulation; (2) effect sizes of emotion regulation in adults were from medium to large. Specifically, in the negative emotional condition, adults presented a fairly large effect size (0.91) of down-regulation. The regulation effect sizes of adolescents were from small to medium. 　　Study 2 further differentiate emotion stimuli into high-arousal group and low-arousal group by the SAM paradigm（Bradley & Lang, 1994）. Then REAR-I Task was utilized upon 59 adolescents and 59 adults to exam their up-regulation and down-regulation effects towards different valenced (positive/neutral/negative) and aroused (high/low) emotional stimuli. Results showed that: (1) effect sizes of high arousal emotion up regulation and low arousal positive emotion up regulation in adolescents and in adults were similar; (2) effect sizes of down regulation in adults were all larger than in adolescents. Specifically, in high arousal negative emotion down regulation condition, the effect sizes of adolescents were near to the large effect; (3) effect sizes of up-regulation were similar with the effect sizes of down-regulation in adolescents; on the contrary, down-regulation effect sizes were larger than the up-regulation effect sizes in adults; (4) when up-regulating high arousal emotions, effect sizes of adolescents were larger than adults. When making down-regulation, effect sizes of adults were larger than adolescents. 　　

Key words: up-regulation, down regulation, emotion regulation effect, emotion valence, emotion arousal

摘要： 旨在探究增强调节和减弱调节调节效应量的年龄差异。通过两个实验系统考察青少年和成人对不同情绪刺激使用不同调节策略时，调节效应的差异。实验一采用“情绪反应性—调节图片任务（REAR-I Task）”考察了35名青少年和35名成人情绪调节的效应量。实验二进一步对情绪图片的唤醒度进行分组（高唤醒/低唤醒），考察了59名青少年和59名成人情绪调节的效应量。结果验证了研究假设：整体而言，对不同效价和唤醒度情绪刺激采用增强调节或减弱调节时，成人的调节效应量均大于青少年，对正性情绪的减弱调节方面尤为明显。

关键词: 增强调节, 减弱调节, 情绪调节效应, 情绪唤醒度, 情绪效价