Abstract: The research of bilingual is a hot topic in the cognitive and psycholinguistic fields. It mainly focused on the representation of two languages. Three theories have been proposed to explain the mechanism of two languages’ lexical and semantic representations. Potter et al. (1984) put forth the Word Association Hypothesis and the Concept Mediation Hypothesis. The former suggests that the L1 and the L2 are connected at the lexical level and that only the L1 has access to conceptual representation. The later suggests that both L1 and L2 have independent access to a common conceptual representation, but there are no direct inter-connections between their lexical representations. Kroll and Stewart (1994) proposed the Revised Hierarchical Model which suggests that lexical connections are formed between the two languages, and their lexical representations are both directly connected with a shared conceptual representation. But the strength of links was not equal. The link of lexical representation from L2 to L1 is stronger than that from L1 to L2, and stronger direct links are established between the L2 and the conceptual store as a bilingual becomes more fluent in the L2. Though many data of bilingual researches supported the Revised Hierarchical Model, it’s not concluded how the lexical representation of L2 accesses its conceptual representation. Furthermore most of the evidences were collected from national bilinguals but not diglossia speakers. So we aimed to study the accessing process of two languages of proficient Teochew-Mandarin bilinguals with semantic decision task, and also to test which hypothesis of above are more reasonable. Using cross-language priming paradigm and semantic category judgment tasks, two experiments were designed to examine how the lexical representations of two languages access its conceptual representation under the conditions of inner-auditory and auditory-visual channel. All participants who came from Chaozhou were proficient Teochew-Mandarin bilinguals and their native language(L1) was Teochew. Participants were required to judge whether the target words were food-word or not. Stimuli included 48 Teochew words and 48 Putonghua words, half of which were Teochew- Putonghua pair words of high semantic correlation and the others were of low semantic correlation. Reaction times for correct responses and correct rates were analyzed with repeated ANOVA by subject and by item. In experiment 1, there were significant priming effects from L1 to L2 under the presentation conditions of auditory-auditory channel(43ms) and auditory-visual channel(24ms). In experiment 2, there were also significant priming effects from L2 to L1 under the two conditions(39ms and 79ms). In the presentation condition of auditory-auditory channel, there was no difference between the amounts of cross-language priming effect. Yet in the condition of auditory-visual channel, the amount of priming effect from L2 to L1 was significantly more than that from L1 to L2. The results suggested that proficient Teochew -Mandarin bilinguals shared a same conceptual representation while each had independent lexical representation with correlation. The lexical representation of L1 and L2 both could access to semantic representation directly, but the link strength between lexical representation and semantic representation of the two languages were still asymmetric in different sensory channels. All the findings supported the Revised Hierarchical Model.

Key words: conceptual representation, lexical representation, bilinguals, semantic access, cross-channel

摘要： 采用跨语言启动的范畴判断范式，通过2个实验，考察了熟练潮-普双言者在听觉通道内和听-视跨通道条件下的语义通达机制。结果发现，无论是以潮州话词语为启动词, 还是以普通话词语为启动词, 当词对具有高语义相关时，启动词均对目标词产生了显著的跨语言启动效应；在听觉通道内，两种语言之间的启动量无差异，而在听-视跨通道条件下，L2对L1的启动量显著大于L1对L2的启动量。这些结果表明，熟练潮-普双言者共享语义（概念）表征，词汇表征既相互独立又互相联系，L1与L2的词汇均能直接通达语义表征，但其联系强度及其相互之间的词汇表征联系强度均存在通道差异性。整个研究结果支持Kroll等人的修正分级模型。

关键词: 概念表征, 词汇表征, 双言者, 语义通达, 跨通道