The Relationship between Family Function and Children&#x02019;s Mental Health: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis

Qiao Yue; Huang Xiaoxiao; Yu Guoliang

doi:10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250617

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Journal of Psychological Science ›› 2025, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6) : 1497-1515. DOI: 10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250617

Research on Social Psychological Service in the New Era

The Relationship between Family Function and Children’s Mental Health: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis

Qiao Yue¹, Huang Xiaoxiao^2,3, Yu Guoliang⁴

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Abstract

As the fundamental building block of society, the integrity and soundness of family functions not only lay a solid foundation for the smooth operation of family production and daily life but also constitute a crucial determinant in children's mental health. However, the extant research on family functions is rather limited and one-sided. Disputes linger over the correlations between certain family function dimensions and children's mental health. Additionally, due to the intricate and multifaceted nature of family function concepts and dimensions, a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the relationship between family functions and children's mental health remains lacking.
Consequently, this study conducted an extensive literature retrieval from six major databases, namely Web of Science Core Collection, PsychINFO, Eric, PsychArticles, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). After a meticulous screening process, a total of 96 relevant studies were identified, published between 2010 and 2023. These encompassed 96 independent samples, 238 effect values, and involved 253,383 subjects. Based on mental health indicators, the studies were categorized into three sub-datasets. Notably, the average quality of the literature in each of the three subsets was 6, exceeding the theoretical average score, thereby indicating to the relatively high overall quality of the selected literature. This study then employed a three-level meta-analysis and a random effects model to rigorously investigate the relationship between children's mental health and family functions. Through a detailed relative weight analysis, it delved into the specific contributions of each dimension of family functions, namely family affectiveness, family communication, family norms, and family problem-solving, to children's mental health.
The results manifested as follows: (1) Sound family functions were capable of mitigating the risks of children developing anxiety and depressive emotions and effectively enhancing their sense of well-being. (2) There existed significant disparities in the contributions of different family function dimensions. In the context of depression, the contributions in descending order were family emotion (40.49%), family communication (19.97%), family norms (19.94%), and family problem-solving (19.60%). For anxiety, the contributions in descending order were family emotion (53.14%), family communication (21.86%), family norms (14.86%), and family problem-solving (10.14%). With regard to the sense of well-being, the contributions of family communication (44.11%) and family problem-solving (27.19%) were more prominent than those of family emotion (17.39%) and family norms (11.31%). (3) Cultural background and school age served as moderating variables in the relationship between family functions and depression, while the publication time of literature, family function dimensions, and cultural background played moderating roles in the relationship between family functions and the sense of well-being.
This study supports the theoretical propositions of process-oriented family functions, affirming the linear correlation between family functions and mental health. It systematically probed into the intrinsic relationship between family functions and children's mental health, thereby elucidating the pivotal position and unique role of its protective factors. It also unearthed the significant roles that family emotion and family communication play in children's mental health and discerned the distinctive influence of family problem-solving on the sense of well-being. The moderating effects in this study imply that the relationship between family functions and children's mental health harbors rich cultural diversity, pronounced stage characteristics, and dynamic temporal evolution.
These discoveries can furnish valuable research directions for subsequent in-depth investigations, actively contribute to the precise definition and clarification of the concept of family functions. They can also offer a diverse range of practical bases for fields such as family education, family intervention, and family rehabilitation in the future, assist parents in more purposefully optimizing the family environment and implementing the concept of scientific parenting, and concurrently provide a focal point for family mental health education and related services.

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children / family function / mental health / three-level meta-analysis / relative weight analysis

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Qiao Yue, Huang Xiaoxiao, Yu Guoliang. The Relationship between Family Function and Children’s Mental Health: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis[J]. Journal of Psychological Science. 2025, 48(6): 1497-1515 https://doi.org/10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20250617

References

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