visuospatial working memory and non-verbal fluid intelligence played an important part in pupils’ mathematical performance .The study examined how the two factors affected pupils’mathematical performance. Its result indicates that Different subscores of mathematical skills (geometry, word problems, and mental arithmetic) were accounted for by fluid intelligence and different measures of VSWM,Passive simultaneous VSWM is a significant predictor in mental arithmetic, active VSWM in geometry and passive sequential VSWM in maths word problems.The effect of VSWM on athematical performance was observed to be mediated by fluid intelligence.