Abstract:

Workplace bullying refers to the nagative behaviors which the staffs suffer continuously and repeatedly, and the negative behaviors come from one or more person. It has become one of the critical issues in the fields of occupational health psychology。Different dimensions of workplace bullying were identified in the western literature, and it is unknown the same questionnaire that is used in Western context can be used in Chinese context. The purpose of the current research is to investigate the domain of workplace bullying behavior and develop an indigenous measure in the Chinese context. The methods used in the study involved literature review, interview, pilot study and survey. Based on the literature, interview and pilot study, items for Workplace Bullying Content Questionnaire were developed. First, by the content analysis of data collected from 42 staffs (using structured interview) and from 85 staffs (using open - ended questionnaires) from various enterprises, the primary Workplace Bullying Questionnaire was established in China. Then, data was collected from employees of some companies which were different kinds and from different districts of China. The survey date was mainly analyzed with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of a date from a sample of 229 employees showed that Workplace Bullying was a three-dimension construct in China, which included personal attack, attack through work tasks, social exclusion. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of a date from another sample of 207 employees further confirmed Workplace Bullying Questionnaire’s factorial validity. Internal consistency analyses and hierarchical regression analyses showed that Workplace Bullying Questionnaire had suitable reliability and high validity. The measure developed in the research provides starting points for future studies on workplace bullying in Chinese. The current research will not only be helpful to understand the phenomenon of workplace bullying in Chinese context, but also provide practical implications for managers. In the last, current limitations and future orientations were also discussed.

Key words: workplace bullying, personal attack, attack through work tasks, social exclusion

摘要：

采用实证研究的方法对中国文化背景下工作场所欺负（workplace bullying）的内容结构及其测量进行了研究。通过自行研制的工作场所欺负内容问卷，对全国7个城市750名企业员工进行问卷调查，获得了436份有效问卷。探索性因素分析（N=229）表明，我国工作场所欺负内容由人身攻击、工作压制和社会排斥三个维度构成。三因素模型在验证性因素分析（N=207）中得到了较好地验证。内部一致性分析和回归分析的结果也表明，基于我国文化背景下编制的工作场所欺负问卷具有较好的信度和效度，其对员工情感承诺和离职意向等具有一定的预测作用。

关键词: 工作场所欺负, 人身攻击, 工作压制, 社会排斥