Abstract It has been shown that the development of college students’ career decision-making self efficacy is influenced by conscientiousness and family factors which main for parenting style and family environment. However, family factors make a great important to the conscientiousness. Though arranging and theoretical exploring related literature about family factors, conscientiousness and career decision-making self efficacy, the study showed that although college students’ life have been changed , family factors may make an indirect effect to the college students’ career decision-making self efficacy though conscientious as a bridge. Because of this, the study puts forward related assumptions and does empirical examinations. Objective: The study adopting stratified cluster random sampling gains 1207 students of four grades as sample who are from three universities, and Adopt the conscientiousness subscale of NEO-PI-R, CDMSE, EMBU and FES-CV to do measurement. Randomly selected 150 freshmen as subjects that is the model construction of sample，1057 students did relevant model examinations for samples. Methods: The statistical method is consisted of single factor analysis of variance, statistical analysis of Bootstrapping and multiple-group defining comparison used by spss12.0 and Amos17.0. Result：(1) In family factors, parental emotional warmth rearing is an argument through mediate variable conscientiousness that makes a stable and lasting effect to career decision making self efficacy which is a dependent variable(ab=.089，p=.002；c’=.116,p<.01). (2) In family factors, intellectual-cultural orientation family environment as adjustable variable to intermediary variable conscientiousness is cooperated with parental emotional warmth rearing which is an argument and through intermediary variable conscientiousness that makes a stable and lasting effect to career decision-making self efficacy which is a dependent variable(λ=.014,p=.012). At present, scholars pay little attention to the family factors. But family makes a difference to individual in the traditional culture of east. Under the background of eastern culture, this study examines the effect that family factors have on the development of the college students' career decision-making self efficacy. To a certain extent, the research provides a useful point of reference for other similar studies. Key words family factors, parenting style, family environment, conscientiousness, career decision-making self efficacy