Although many researchers have explored that emotion had important impacts in process of social information(e.g., Crick & Dodge, 1994; Dodge & Price, 1994; Weary & Edwards, 1994; Coyne & Whiffen, 1995; Bryan, Sullivan-Burstein, & Mathur, 1998;Lememerise & Dodge, 2000; Orobio de Castro, Slot, Bosch, et al., 2003; Scott & Zhang, 2004) , but most of these researches had focused on how to evoke emotion in a variety of emotional stimulus through direct sensory stimulation by providing emotional materials under the strict experimental conditions, having no notice that all of these emotions were single, experimental and situational emotions which had no real social significance and sense in people’s true living.In addition to, most of these researches had ignored the regulation function of emotional ability in process of social emotional information. In order to avoid the defects above, in this study,test and experimental methods were used to reveal the effects of emotional resilience and gender on judgment bias in process of the nature of negative emotion incidents,by 97 adolescents as the subjects,stories of negative emotional situations as test method,four typical negative emotional incidents in adolescent’s daily life as the experimental materials, and emotional resilience and gender as the key variables. In this study, we developed some stories of negative emotional situations with good reliabilities firstly,then had these stories as experimental materials to experimental study.The results of the experimental study showed that:(1) Emotional resilience has some effects on judgment bias on the nature of negative emotion incidents,adolescents of low emotional resilience have more obvious negative judgment than that of adolescents of high emotional resilience when they had experienced negative emotions incidents under the situation of general life.(2) Gender has no substantive effects on judgment bias on the nature of negative emotion incidents. Based on current findings,we suggest that researchers should pay more attention to adolescents’ cognitive characteristics in process of social emotional information and the important function of emotional resilience when adolescence confronts with negative emotional incidents.In addition to,in the future researches, researchers may explore the intrinsic neural mechanisms of different emotional resilience individuals in process of negative emotion information by advanced technologies.