Adolescence is a significant period for creativity development. Family environment was the most important factor to cultivate individuals’ creativity. The first goal of the current study was to demonstrate the characteristics of family innovation environment in China; otherwise, our second goal was to explore the underlying mechanism through which the family innovation environment was associated with adolescents’ everyday creative behaviors. We conducted a semi-structured interview with 17 high creative students and a pretest on 467 students to identify the content of the family innovation environment at the beginning of our study; then in order to investigate the relationship between family innovation environment and adolescents’ creative behavior, we recruited 1117 adolescents to administer the following questionnaires: Adolescents’ Family Innovation Questionnaires, Williams Prefer Measurement Forms(WPMF), Middle School Students’ Everyday Creative Behavior Questionnaires and Peer Nomination of Everyday Creative Behavior. K-Means Cluster and structural equation modeling statistical method were adopted for data analysis. The results showed that: (1) Family innovation environment was constituted with 4 factors, which specifically named family emotional atmosphere, parental creative behavior, parental education philosophy and autonomy permitted. (2) Three types of family innovation environment was identified in the present sample: general, inhibitory and innovative. Students from innovative family scored significantly higher than other two types on everyday creative behavior. (3) Significant positive correlations were found among family innovation environment, creative personality, and everyday creative behavior by both self-report and peer nomination. (4) Creative personality completely mediated the relationship between family innovation environment and peer nomination of creativity, and partial mediated the relationship between family innovation environment and self-reported everyday creative behavior. Therefore, we concluded that family emotional atmosphere, parental creative behavior, education philosophy and autonomy permitted were the crucial elements of family innovation environment. More importantly, creative personality has a significant mediating effect on family innovation environment and everyday creative behavior. These results could contribute the creativity cultivation practice for youths. However, the limitations of the current study could not be ignored. First, participants in our study were recruited from model middle school in Beijing, which would restrict the explanation range of our results; Second, no control group was involved in the semi-structure interview to explore the contents of the family innovation environment. These issues should be taken good care of in the future studies.