Abstract: With 114 entrepreneurial students and 94 non-entrepreneurial university students as subjects and by collecting subjects’ reaction to self-made complex opportunity situation to investigate their opportunity recognition, the paper discusses the influence of university students’ entrepreneurial alertness, prior knowledge and entrepreneurial experiences on the opportunity recognition. The results showed that: 1 There is significant difference between two types of university students’ entrepreneurial alertness and prior knowledge; entrepreneurial students are significantly better than non-entrepreneurial university students. Students’ prior knowledge greatly influences the opportunity recognition; the entrepreneurial alertness of non-entrepreneurial students significantly influences the opportunity recognition, which shows that prior knowledge of university students influences the opportunity recognition via entrepreneurial alertness.

Key words: entrepreneurial alertness, prior knowledge, entrepreneurial experiences, entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, the university students

摘要： 采用“新手—创业经验丰富者” 对比范式，分别以114名在校无创业经历大学生和94名创业大学生作为被试，通过不同被试对自编复杂机会情景的反应搜集其对机会识别的表现，同时探讨了大学生创业警觉性、既有知识对创业机会识别的影响。结果表明：两类大学生创业警觉性、既有知识差异显著，创业大学生明显好于一般大学生。两类大学生在创业警觉性的三个维度以及既有知识的两个维度上均存在显著性差异，创业大学生均显著优于于一般大学生。创业大学生既有知识对机会识别具有显著影响；一般大学生创业警觉性对机会识别具有显著影响。此外，大学生既有知识可能通过警觉性影响机会识别。

关键词: 创业警觉性, 既有知识, 创业经历, 创业机会识别, 大学生