Abstract: Most prior studies of false memory focused on sighted rather than blind population. Using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm (DRM), the current study compared false and true memory among blind students in reference to sighted students. Specifically, two experiments examined recognition of word lists via either Braille reading or auditory learning. The results of both experiments demonstrated false memory among blind students which did not significantly differ from that of sighted students. While sighted students did not show different performance under the conditions of screen reading and auditory learning, blind students performed better when engaging in Braille reading, manifested as better correct rejection on unrelated words. Blind students produced better performance on discrimination of learned words and unrelated words under stricter judgement criteria.

Key words: false memory, blind students, true memory, DRM paradigm

摘要： 目前错误记忆的研究多针对视力正常人群，本研究借助于DRM范式，试图探索盲生的错误记忆和真实记忆现象。两个实验分别通过典型的阅读任务（盲生摸读，正常控制组阅读文字）和言语听觉任务进行词表的学习，皆用听觉呈现的方式进行词表再认测验。实验结果显示，盲生在阅读和听觉学习条件下都存在错误记忆，但与控制组无显著差异。盲生摸读比听觉学习效果要好，主要表现为对无关项的正确拒斥较高，对旧项和无关项的区分能力较高，判断标准也较为严格；视力正常学生两种学习方式条件下差异不显著。

关键词: 错误记忆, 盲生, 真实记忆, DRM范式