Adolescence is a critical stage in the development of creativity and brain maturation. Therefore, investigating the characteristics of creativity development in adolescent is meaningful for the cultivation of individual creative potential. Here, we summarized the progress of creativity development in adolescent, including the developmental trajectories, the influencing factors and the underlying brain mechanism. Previous researches showed that adolescent creative thinking abilities may undergo two development summits, which separately locate on the age group of 11-13 and 15-16; and different components of creative thinking (e.g., verbal creativity and visual creativity) exhibited different developmental trajectories. The development of creative thinking in different cultures is generally similar. But it is different in some specific components, which may be affected by different educational traditions. The influence factors of this development can be ascribed to both the external and internal environment. In terms of the external environment, the current researches focus on the impact of school environment and parenting pattern on the creativity development of adolescents. And with regards to the internal environment, the current researches focus on exploring how the factors such as cognitive ability, personality traits, emotional states, intrinsic motivations and the self-managements affect the creativity development during adolescence. In the aspect of brain mechanism, although there is a general believe that creativity is rely on functional interaction and integration of multiple brain regions, the prefrontal cortex may significantly affect the development of adolescent creativity by regulating cognitive control and modulating the function of primary brain regions. Furthermore, the prefrontal cortex is closely related to insight generation and divergent thinking in creative thinking process. Researchers initially explored the neural mechanism of creative thinking by using different creative tasks. With the rapid development of multimodal brain imaging technology, researchers began to explore the structural and functional characteristics of the brain associated with creativity from the perspective of individual differences. And through cross-sectional and longitudinal study, we can collect and establish a multimodal database of adolescent creativity (8-22 years old), including creative behaviors, related psychological assessments and multimodal neuroimaging data (structural data, resting-state functional data and diffusion tensor imaging data). This data set could provide important supports for future studies. We can better understand the neural mechanism of adolescent creativity development, investigate the critical period of creativity development and its related brain development by using this database. In addition, many researches already indicated that individuals’ creativity ability can be improved by various training methods such as brainstorming, meditation, sleep, positive emotion, walking (physical training), drawing curve and shifting perspectives. By using cognitive training and educational cultivation, including the Cognitive Stimulation Method, we hope to reveal the pathway and its related mechanism of brain plasticity, which can be used to effectively improve creative thinking abilities in adolescents. Therefore, training studies in how to improve adolescent’s creativity ability may become more and more important in the future.