In recent years, employment problem of college students is becoming ever more serious. In order to alleviate college students’ employment pressure, the government encourages college students to start a business. College students’ entrepreneurial behavior is fundamentally affected by entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial intention is the first step in the process of starting a business. Therefore, more attention should be paid to college students’ entrepreneurial intention. Few studies have examined the mediating processes between entrepreneurial environment and college students’ entrepreneurial intention. Mediational analyses attempt to identify the intermediary process that leads from the independent variable (e. g., entrepreneurial environment) to a dependent variable ( e. g., college students’ entrepreneurial intention). And there is few research, if any, examining whether the mediating effect depends on other factors. It is very necessary to study the potential mechanisms of college students’ entrepreneurial intention so as to design improvement programs. The present study aimed to explore the moderated mediation among entrepreneurial environment, entrepreneurial motivation, gender and entrepreneurial intention. The study not only examined indirect relations between entrepreneurial environment and college students’ entrepreneurial intention via entrepreneurial motivation, - 11 - but also examined the extent to which gender moderated the indirect relations between entrepreneurial environment and college students’ entrepreneurial intention. 647 college students from four schools (301 boys and 346girls, M age=20.67±1.78) were recruited in the study to complete self-report questionnaires. The self-report questionnaires used in this study included entrepreneurial environment scale, entrepreneurial motivation scale and entrepreneurial intention scale. The results indicated that: (1) Entrepreneurial motivation played a partial mediating role between entrepreneurial environment and college students’ entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial environment could directly influence college students’ entrepreneurial intention, as well as through influenced entrepreneurial motivation, ultimately influenced college students’ entrepreneurial intention; (2) Gender moderated this mediation effect of entrepreneurial motivation. For male college students, with the increase of entrepreneurial environment, their entrepreneurial motivation had an obviously ascending trend (γ = .60, t = 13.21, p＜.001). For female college students, with the increase of entrepreneurial environment, their entrepreneurial motivation had ascending trend (γ= .50, t = 8.11, p＜.001). In other words, improving the entrepreneurial environment of college students enhanced entrepreneurial motivation of male college students more than females. Therefore, the effect of entrepreneurial environment on college students’ entrepreneurial intention was moderated mediating effect. The moderated mediating model significantly revealed the effect mechanism of entrepreneurial environment on college students’ entrepreneurial intention. These findings supported our model that the link between entrepreneurial environment and college students’ entrepreneurial intention was complex and dependent on other factors. The conclusion of the study had important reference value for improvement of college students’ entrepreneurial intention.