Abstract: Many studies investigated the effect of retrieval interference on explicit memory, and found that retrieval interference did not have an impact on explicit memory performance or had a little impact. Few studies discussed whether retrieval interference would affect implicit memory, and the conclusions were inconsistent. Some studies repeated the destructive effect of retrieval interference on implicit memory. However, the other researchers proposed that implicit memory was an automated processing, and have proved that implicit memory would not be affected by the retrieval interference. The conclusions of the above studies are not consistent, and there are differences between experimental materials and test tasks in these studies, so that it is impossible to compare them directly. On the whole, lexical decision task is used in a series of studies to find the effect of retrieval interference on implicit memory. Studies didn’t find retrieval interference effects, using tasks including word-stem completion, category example generation and perceptual recognition. Implicit memory is not a single component, including identification implicit memory and production implicit memory, as well as perceptual priming and conceptual priming. Based on these analyses, we speculate whether identification implicit test tasks such as lexical decision tasks may be more vulnerable to the retrieval interference. In this study, the dual-task paradigm was used to set up simultaneous interference tasks in the extraction phase, and three experiments were carried out to test the above problems. Experiment 1 used the lexical decision task in order to verify whether the retrieval interference affected the perceptual implicit memory. The results showed that the reaction time（RT）and the correct rate（AC）of the two kinds of old words were significantly faster than that of the new words (ps<0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two kinds of old words (p>0.05), which indicated that the perceptual priming effect disappeared under the retrieval interference. Experiment 2 further used semantic classification task in order to examine the effect of retrieval interference on conceptual implicit memory, and the results also showed that concept priming effect was significantly reduced under retrieval interference. The results of joint analysis of the priming effect of experiment 1 and experiment 2 showed that, in no interference case, the priming effect of shallow coding processing was higher than that of deep coding processing in lexical decision (p=0.08) and the priming effect of deep coding processing in semantic classification was significantly higher than that of shallow coding processing (p<0.01). Under the condition of retrieval interference, it was found that the priming effect of deep coding processing was significantly lower than that of shallow coding processing (p<0.05), and there was no significant difference in other factors (ps>0.05). Compared with non-interference condition, it shows that conceptual priming is more damaged by retrieval interference than perceptual priming. In conclusion, the identification implicit memory will be affected by the retrieval interference what produces the dissociation between the identification perception implicit memories and the identification concept implicit memory, and the identification concept implicit memory is more vulnerable to the influence of retrieval interference.

摘要： 通过学习—测验范式，分别以词汇判断、语义分类任务为测验，探讨提取干扰对不同识别式记忆的影响差异。结果发现，实验1验证了识别式知觉内隐记忆的提取干扰效应，实验2发现识别式概念内隐记忆在提取干扰下也明显降低；两个实验启动量联合分析发现，相比无干扰条件，概念启动比知觉启动受到提取干扰的破坏更大。上述结果说明识别式内隐记忆的提取干扰具有普遍性，提取干扰产生了不同识别式内隐记忆之间的分离，识别式概念内隐记忆更容易受到提取干扰的影响。