Abstract: Action memory is a memory activity that is accompanied by action manipulation and that involves consciousness. Action memory research conforms to the current trend of embodied cognition research. In comparison with VT, or verbal encoding, the superior memory performance seen in SPT, or motor encoding, is known as the subject performed effect or SPT effect. For now, in the field of cognitive neural mechanism of subject performed effect, the standpoints of motor information reactivation view and action representation view are different. From the perspective of action object, the motor information reactivation view holds that action information, action form, amplitude, speed and other factors are the key to produce subject performed effect of action memory. From the perspective of the operator, action representation is similar to the episodic integration theory. It is believed that the preparation, planning and coordination of individual action concepts under the motor encoding condition is the key to the generation of subject performed effect. Besides, the corresponding empirical studies have yielded conflicting results. Further literature review reveals that structural and functional operational representation exist differences in both physiological basis and mental function. More importantly, the diversity between structural and functional operational representation has similarity with the diversity theoretical and empirical cognitive neural studies of subject performed effect. In brief, operational representation might play a regulatory role in the cognitive neural mechanism of subject performed effect. However, the difference between the two operational representations has not raised concerns in action memory. The difference of early ERPs components between motor and verbal encoding has not been analyzed yet. On these bases, the current study selected 160 structural and 160 functional operational representation action instructions to explore the regulatory role of operational representation in cognitive neural mechanism of subject performed effect through behavioral and ERPs approaches. The behavioral results showed that, the recognition performance under motor encoding was better than that under verbal encoding. The ERPs results showed that, compared with the gerundial phrases under verbal encoding, the gerundial phrases under motor encoding evoked more P1, N2pb, and semantic N400. During 500-700 ms after stimulus presentation, functional operational representation phrases evoked more negative average amplitude at central region; Compared with verbal encoding, the motor encoding of structural and functional operational representation phrases significantly evoked more negative average amplitude at central region; During 700-900 ms after stimulus presentation, only for structural operational representation phrases, motor encoding evoked more positive average amplitude than verbal encoding at prefrontal lobe. In other words, the subject performed effect is still significant. In conclusion, the differences between structural operational representation and functional operational representation could provide analysis and exploration direction for the cognitive neural mechanism theoretical controversies and empirical contrary conclusions of subject performed effect in action memory. The results proved that operational representation played a regulatory role on the subject performed effect in action memory. The results provide data support for the semantic feedback processing mechanism of motor encoding. This study also provides an explanation direction for the integration of motor information reactivation and action representation views.

Key words: action memory, subject performed effect, operational representation, regulatory role, event-related potentials

摘要： 本研究考察操作表征(operational representation)在被试操作效应中的调节作用。选取结构性/功能性操作表征短语各160个，分析再认判断中的脑电差异。结果表明，动作编码比语词编码诱发更显著的P1、N2pb和N400；在500~700ms时间窗，相比于语词编码，对结构性和功能性操作表征短语进行动作编码均可显著诱发了中央区更负的平均波幅；在700~900ms时间窗，仅对于结构性操作表征短语，动作编码比语词编码诱发了前额叶更正的平均波幅。研究为动作编码的语义反馈加工机制提供了数据支撑，也为动作信息再激活与动作表征观点的整合提供解释方向。

关键词: 动作记忆 被试操作效应 操作表征 调节作用 事件相关电位