The purpose of the research is to explore the relation between the self image of morality (SIM) and moral behavior self-management (MBSM), and the relations among the guilt, the shame and MBSM. Using the scales about the SIM, the guilt, the shame and the MBSM as instruments, with the sample of 363 undergraduates at college/university level in China, the tests were carried out twice with the interval of six moths. The data were collected and the cross-lagged regression analyses were done between the test and retest. The results showed that the SIM, the guilt and the shame were positive predictors of MBSM. So, the SIM, the guilt and the shame are most likely the causes for MBSM. The longitudinal research will be useful to understand the connotation of SIM and the relationship between the emotion and the MBSM much profoundly and thoroughly.