Abstract: A number of studies have recently used EPRs to investigate the mechanisms underlying error processing. The expectancy deviation happens when the external feedback is different from the internal expectancy. FRN is supposed to be the representative of expectancy deviation. While the Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory holds that FRN is sensitive to the aversive signal; and P3 to appetitive signal. Other studies have proposed that FRN is only mediated by feedback value. This paper is trying to look into the confirm the expectancy deviation’s neural representative and how is the FRN effect, and try to find more about the meaning of these related components, by setting comparison conditions to test the performance. Method: Using ERPs technique, two experiments, Exp has two within subject factors: stimulus type (reward/punishment) and expectation-frustration(Y/N). Result: We found that punishment produce higher FRN, reward produce higher P3; high BIS individuals produce higher FRN when facing punishment signals; Expectation frustration with higher FRN; under social comparison, higher FRN with advantage and disadvantage when compared with equality condition.Conclusion: The correlation between BIS and FRN is confirmed; FRN is both confirmed to be the response of the stimulus value and the representative of expectancy-deviation; P3 may be the neural correlation with reward/equality; The social comparison has main effects that advantage and disadvantage condition with higher FRN and N450-550, compared to equality condition.

Key words: Expectancy deviation, Reinforcement Sensitivity, FRN, ERPs

摘要： 采用Flanker范式，通过事件相关电位(ERPs)技术，探讨预期背离情境下的脑电反应及与敏感性个体的关系。选取17名被试，采取2×2组内设计刺激类型（奖励vs.惩罚）和预期受挫（是vs.否）；结果表明（1）预期受挫情境引发更高的FRN；（2）惩罚刺激引发更高的FRN，奖励刺激引发更高的P3；（3）惩罚敏感与惩罚、无奖励情境引发FRN相关。本实验结果表明（1）FRN既反应对反馈效价的加工，也可能是预期背离的一种表现；（2）无奖励刺激受惩罚系统调节；无惩罚刺激受奖励系统调节。

关键词: 预期背离, 强化敏感, FRN, ERPs