Psychological Science ›› 2014, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 1039-1046.
Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
Revised:
Online:
Published:
何立国1,郭田友1,陈玉明1,鲍旭辉2,游旭群3
通讯作者:
Abstract: Visual imagery is an important visuo-spatial representation, which has the same mental storage characteristics with visual perception (Romke, Kosslyn, & Hamel, 1997), sharing the same brain mechanisms with visual perception (Kosslyn, Thompson, & Alpert, 1997; Ganis, Thompson & Kosslyn, 2004). As is known to all, fixation is the primary source of visual perception information, and eye movement is very important to visual perception. So, does eye movement also play an important role in the visual imagery processing? There are two contrasting accounts for the phenomenon. The functional account hypothesizes that the encoding of each eye fixation during perception process participates, as an index in the location of the space in the subsequent image generation. Recently, researchers found that subjects who fixed their gaze centrally during perception did the same spontaneously during imagery. The subjects who are free to explore during perception, but maintaining central fixation during imagery, showed decreased ability to recall the pattern. They concluded that the eye scan paths during visual imagery reenact those of perception of the same visual scene and eye movements during mental imagery are not epiphenomenal but assist the process of image generation (Brandt & Stark, 1997; Laeng & Teodorescu, 2002). Actually, whether regular eye movements promote the representation processing relies on the level of eye movement regularity of change that regular change task information accessibility of visual imagery would cause. If task information accessibility level change inevitably leads to eye movement regularity changes, it can be inferred that eye movements play a functional role in visual imagery. Based on the experimental paradigm of imagery evoked by speech, the effect of information access of motor imagery eye-movement was investigated. Experiment 1 with no triple jump professional skills and knowledge of the sport is also low cognitive level students were tested , the results show that with the increase of the level of representation of task information accessible, eye gaze point average duration shorter the average saccade distance increases and the average saccade time becomes longer, which is the existing research results are consistent; knowledge learning and skills training to characterize the level of the experimental characterization of the appearance of two pairs of manipulation tasks were carried out in the experimental task knowledge and professional skills training to learn human subjects, results showed that subjects with the acquisition of knowledge and skills to improve the ability to characterize the level of fixation task information accessible in different levels of representation between the average duration, average saccade distance and average saccade time difference will disappear, but knowledge and learning and skills characterize differences in average saccade time differences, skills -based subjects whose average saccade time should be shorter than the knowledge of learning subjects, reached critical levels significantly, no difference in the average fixation duration and average saccade distance.
Key words: visual imagery, eye-movement, accessibility, knowledge, skills
摘要: 以表象看到一个运动员完成三级跳远项目为实验任务,对表象任务的信息通达水平、眼动注视点的活动位置和被试对三级跳远项目的知识水平和技能水平进行系统的操纵,通过2个实验探讨了视觉表象眼动的变化是基于知识学习表征差异还是技能训练表征差异的问题。实验1以没有三级跳远运动专业技能知识且对该运动的认知水平也较低的大学生为被试,结果表明,在完成高信息通达水平的表象任务时,注视点需要较短的持续时间,但眼跳距离会增大,眼跳频率会变低;实验2对表象任务的知识学习表征水平和技能训练表征水平进行操纵,分别以对实验任务进行过知识学习和专业技能训练的人为被试,结果表明,随着被试知识习得水平和技能水平表征能力的提高,不同表象任务信息通达水平间的眼动差异将消失,但知识学习和技能表征的差异在平均眼跳时间上有差异,技能训练型的被试其平均眼跳时间要短于知识学习型被试,达到临界水平显著,注视点平均持续时间和平均眼跳距离等均没有差异。
关键词: 视觉表象, 眼动, 通达, 知识, 技能
何立国 郭田友 陈玉明 鲍旭辉 游旭群. 视觉表象眼动的变化:知识还是技能表征的差异?[J]. 心理科学, 2014, 37(5): 1039-1046.
0 / Recommend
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: https://jps.ecnu.edu.cn/EN/
https://jps.ecnu.edu.cn/EN/Y2014/V37/I5/1039