Abstract: Couple communication plays a crucial role in marriage life. Previous research mainly focused on the indicator of communication behavior to marital quality, less attention has been devoted to impact mechanism of the communication behavior on marital quality. Previous research indicated that attachment security were associated with couple communication, and also were associated with marital quality. The purpose of the present study was to explore the mechanism between couples’ observed communication behavior, attachment security and marital quality. To avoid shared covariance due to the methods, we used observational paradigm to catch couples communication behavior. The identified 41 newlyweds community couples were recruited by lab members, who contacted acquaintances to locate couples who met the eligibility criteria. Couples were visited in their homes by trained interviewers. After completing self-report measures, including Marriage Quality Index and Adult Attachment Scales, partners were reunited for four 10-min videotaped discussions, which including two problem solving tasks and two social support tasks. Iowa Family Interaction Rating Scale coding system was used to encoding couples interaction. The results revealed that couple’s positive behavior in problem solving can significantly positive predicted wives’ marital quality, and negative behavior in social support can significantly negative predicted husbands’ marital quality. Additionally, wives’ attachment security served to mediate the association between couple problem solving positive behavior and wife marital satisfaction, while the attachment security of husband didn’t play any role between couples’ communication behavior and husbands’ marital satisfaction. These findings suggested that communication behavior and attachment security have different impact mechanism on husbands and wives marital quality. And also, the present study was the first time to apply observational study paradigm in couple research, which open a new window for the methodology issue in this fields in China.

摘要： 以41对新婚夫妻为研究对象，采用观察法与问卷法相结合的方式，对夫妻冲突和支持、依恋安全性和婚姻质量之间的相互机制进行探索。结果显示：（1）妻子的婚姻质量更受到问题解决情境中（而不是社会支持）夫妻的积极行为（而不是消极行为）的影响；丈夫的婚姻质量更受到社会支持情境（而不是问题解决）中夫妻的消极行为（而不是积极行为）的影响；（2）妻子的依恋安全性显著预测妻子的婚姻质量，但丈夫的依恋安全性不能显著预测丈夫的婚姻质量；（3）妻子的依恋安全性在丈夫和妻子的问题解决积极行为对妻子婚姻质量的影响中起完全中介作用，而丈夫的依恋安全性在夫妻问题解决、社会支持行为与丈夫婚姻质量的关系之间不起作用。

关键词: 夫妻问题解决, 社会支持, 依恋安全性, 婚姻质量, 观察研究