At present, the art aesthetic is becoming indispensable Spiritual need and cognitive behavioral for human being. The professionals in arts field as a typical representative of the aesthetic subject, it is generally agreed that there was significant difference in the aesthetic between them and ordinary people. But so far, there were no researchers have cared the aesthetic cognition, beauty experiences and emotional responses of the two types people in the art aesthetic activities. Aesthetic is one of the most advanced and complex mental activities in human being.The sense of beauty is based on the needs of beauty, in accordance with the standard of beauty in society by individual, it is an emotional experience during the process of the evaluation on an objective objects. From the humanistic perspective, there were some researches about the aesthetic differences between Chinese and Western artists in painting. But from the Psychology, At present there was no research to explore the significant differences exist or not between masses of Chinese and West paintings’ aesthetic. Therefore, this study will discuss this problem by the research methods of psychology, and also will provide a new research perspective for the art aesthetic, at the same time, it will be a great significance and value to make people aware of importance of aesthetic education. In this study, Chinese paintings,Western paintings and photographic works will be the main aesthetic object, art and ordinary students will be the aesthetic subjuct, By comparing their emotional response in aesthetic experience process of the paintings, this study will explore the professional students and ordinary students’ beauty differences and characteristics between Chinese paintings and Western paintings. In the experiment, By organizing professional subject and ordinary subject and put the group into practical testing, showing the art works of different style and potency randomly, we asked the subjects that made a judgement based on their true emotional response for stimulus pictures. The results show that: (1)There is significant difference between professional students and non-professional students in their Western paintings’aesthetic，and the beauty sense of professional art-educated students which received in Western paintings is significant higher than that of ordinary students. (2)The difference between the two groups in their Chinese paintings’aesthetic is not significant. (3)Both the two groups have their aesthetic preference,and their preference are the same,they both have more beauty sense in Chinese paintings’aesthetic than the others. (4)In the process of aesthetic, The difference of two groups’ cognitive reaction time is significantly clear,the professionals’ mental activities are longer time than non-professionals in general, and more complicated activities. The study systematically explored the characteristics of Chinese and Western paintings’ aesthetic between art students and ordinary students, and confirmed that there are significant differences in Western paintings’ aesthetic between art students and ordinary students, but the differences between the two groups in Chinese paintings’ aesthetic are not significant.These findings will provide a theoretical basis for aesthetic education in university,and provide theory reference and basis for the study of psychology of aesthetic differences between Chinese paintings and Western Paintings.Morever, it will provide a theoretical reference for the construction and perfection of theoretical system and practice system of aesthetic psychology, aesthetics, aesthetic education.