Abstract: Decision confidence is a person’s strength of belief about the optimization or correctness of a prediction, judgment, or choice. It provides a graded scale which allows us to translate internal convictions into suitable actions in the physical world. Simultaneously, decision confidence can affect a variety of cognitive functions: how we learn and improve subsequent actions, and how we justify our choice to others. Previously, many studies were performed based on the single assessment of decision confidence, but it is known to all that individual’s confidence constructed in a dynamic way. According to the Two-Stage Dynamic Signal Detection Model (2DSD), a judge doesn’t simply shut down the information accumulation process after making a choice but continues to accumulate information to make a confidence rating. In other words, the confidence rating is a function of the information collected at the time of the choice plus the information collected after making a choice. From this point of view, feedback information is vital to the dynamic construction of decision confidence after a decision was made. Several studies have indicated that individual’s confidence rating will increase after receiving supportive feedback information, and individual’s confidence rating will decrease after receiving opposed feedback information. However, it is still inconclusive how the presentation order of feedback influenced the dynamic construction of decision confidence when different types of feedback presented successively. In the present study, sensory discrimination task was used to probe into this issue.

Key words: feedback information, presentation order, decision confidence, dynamic construction

摘要： 本研究采用2×3被试内设计，通过操纵不同性质信息的反馈比例和反馈顺序，重点考察了反馈顺序对决策信心动态建构的影响。结果表明：（1）在不同反馈比例条件下，当个体接收到的正性反馈多于负性反馈时，个体的决策信心上升，反之则下降；当个体接收到的正性反馈等于负性反馈时，个体的决策信心下降，表现出“负性偏向”；（2）“先扬后抑”与“先抑后扬”的信息反馈顺序对决策信心的动态建构产生了不同影响，表现出“近因效应”的现象，“surprise hypothesis”可为此提供解释。本研究表明，在决策信心的动态建构过程中，信息的反馈顺序发挥着重要作用。

关键词: 反馈信息, 反馈顺序, 决策信心, 动态建构