感知理解对心理融合的促进效应*

doi:10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20240619

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以我国多民族为背景,从元知觉视角探讨了感知理解对心理融合的促进效应。以汉族和少数民族大学生为研究对象,通过问卷调查(研究1、研究3)和操纵感知理解(研究2)考察了感知理解与心理融合的关系,研究4通过操纵感知理解和感知喜欢,进一步探讨了感知理解对心理融合的影响。结果发现,感知理解能够促进心理融合,群际合作起中介作用。研究一方面拓展了感知理解与群际关系理论,另一方面为促进社会和谐,加强各民族交往交流交融、铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供路径。

关键词: 感知理解, 心理融合, 群际合作, 感知喜欢

Abstract: Felt understanding refers to ingroup members’ perception of whether outgroup members understand and accept the views of ingroup members, including their beliefs, values, experiences, and identities. Previous studies have examined the positive impact of felt understanding on relationships. Current studies research suggests that felt understanding helps elicit favorable feelings toward outgroups, increases an individual's willingness to cooperate with outgroup members, thereby affecting intergroup relationships, and enhances psychological compatibility. Psychological compatibility is the embodiment of positive intergroup relationships, refers to the state of psychological preparedness of individuals or groups to accept each other, willing to coexist in harmony, the degree of which reflects the status of intergroup relations. Under the background of China's multi-ethnic culture, the essence of establishing a firm sense of community among the Chinese nation and strengthening interaction, communication and integration among the various ethnic groups is to promote the psychological compatibility of different ethnic groups. Therefore, exploring ways to enhance ethnic psychological compatibility is of practical significance in maintaining national stability and promoting the common prosperity of all ethnic groups.
This study examined the facilitating effect of felt understanding on psychological compatibility through four studies. Study 1 examined the relationship between felt understanding, intergroup cooperation, and psychological compatibility through a questionnaire survey with 759 Han and minority college students. Study 2 manipulated felt understanding through the Felt Understanding Start-up Parameter, using a single-factor between-subjects design, with 188 Han Chinese college students to further explore the relationship between felt understanding and psychological compatibility and the mediating role of intergroup cooperation. Study 3 examined the effects of felt minority understanding on psychological compatibility with 302 minority college students as subjects. Study 4 selected 187 Han Chinese college students as subjects and further verified the facilitating effect of felt understanding on psychological compatibility by manipulating felt understanding and felt liking.
Study 1 found that felt understanding, intergroup cooperation, and psychological compatibility were all positively correlated, with intergroup cooperation mediating the relationship between felt understanding and psychological compatibility. Compared to the control and felt misunderstanding groups, Study 2 revealed that the felt understanding group reported closer psychological distance, higher sensory temperature and more positive ethnic impressions. Study 3 found that felt understanding, intergroup cooperation, and psychological compatibility among ethnic minorities were positively correlated, and that intergroup cooperation mediated the relation between felt understanding and psychological compatibility. Study 4 found a significant multivariate main effect of felt understanding. The univariate main effect of felt understanding was significant on all three measures of psychological compatibility, indicating higher psychological compatibility in the felt understanding condition than in the felt misunderstanding condition. There was also a significant multivariate main effect of felt liking, the univariate main effect of felt liking was significant on all three measures of psychological compatibility, indicating higher psychological compatibility in the felt liking condition than in the felt disliking condition. In addition, the results of multiple regression analyses indicated that felt understanding positively predicted psychological distance, sensory temperature, and ethnic impression, whereas felt liking only positively predicted psychological distance and sensory temperature, and did not predict ethnic impression. This suggests that felt understanding and felt liking may facilitate psychological compatibility.
Felt understanding was found to facilitate psychological compatibility, with intergroup cooperation playing a mediating role. This study enriches the downstream effects of felt understanding. On the one hand, this research explored the effects of felt understanding on psychological compatibility from a meta-perception perspective, thus extending the related research on felt understanding and psychological compatibility. On the other hand, it explores the effects of felt understanding on psychological compatibility between Han Chinese and national minorities, providing a basis for promoting intergroup harmony and strengthening ethnic compatibility.

Key words: felt understanding, psychological compatibility, intergroup cooperation, felt liking

杨阳, 蒋丽玮, 罗欢, 李安祺, 汪旭虹, 曹俊. 感知理解对心理融合的促进效应^*[J]. 心理科学, 2024, 47(6): 1475-1485.

Yang Yang, Jiang Liwei, Luo Huan, Li Anqi, Wang Xuhong, Cao Jun. Felt Understanding Promotes Psychological Compatibility[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2024, 47(6): 1475-1485.

参考文献

[1] 方杰, 温忠麟, 张敏强. (2017). 类别变量的中介效应分析. 心理科学, 40(2), 471-477.
[2] 高承海, 王荣霞, 孙中芳. (2020). 民族接触减弱民族本质论: 文化认同与文化相似性的中介作用. 心理科学, 43(2), 445-451.
[3] 梁芳美, 肖子伦, 包燕, 赵玉芳. (2020). 共同内群体认同对心理融合的促进效应及其机制. 心理科学, 43(5), 1147-1153.
[4] 梁芳美, 赵玉芳, 尹晨祖. (2023). 共同内群体认同促进民族心理融合: 积极解释偏向的中介作用. 心理科学, 46(2), 386-393.
[5] 吕庆燕. (2011). 藏族、汉族青少年族群态度的发展及其影响因素 (博士学位论文). 陕西师范大学,西安.
[6] 杨金花, 金盛华. (2017). 贫富群体心理融合中的“道德突显现象”. 心理学探新, 37(2), 166-171.
[7] 杨晓莉, 刘力. (2015). 藏族大学生的群体认同对跨民族交往的影响. 湖北民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版), 33(6), 163-167.
[8] 余东芳, 赵玉芳, 梁芳美, 尹晨祖, 包燕, 方圆. (2022). 少数民族交往交流促进心理融合: 中华民族认同的作用. 社区心理学研究, 13(1), 237-250.
[9] 赵玉芳, 梁芳美. (2019). 共同内群体认同促进民族心理融合: 双向度测量与SC-IAT检验. 西北师大学报(社会科学版), 56(3), 99-107.
[10] Adachi P. J. C., Hodson G., Willoughby T., Blank C., & Ha A. (2016). From outgroups to allied forces: Effect of intergroup cooperation in violent and nonviolent video games on boosting favorable outgroup attitudes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145(3), 259-265.
[11] Brik T., Livingstone A. G., Chayinska M., & Bliznyuk E. (2024). How feeling understood predicts trust and willingness to forgive in the midst of violent intergroup conflict: Longitudinal evidence from Ukraine. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 15(5), 487-497.
[12] Brown, R., & Hewstone, M. (2005). An integrative theory of intergroup contact. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 255-343.
[13] Carlin R. E., González R., Love G. J., Miranda D. A., & Navia P. D. (2022). Ethnicity or policy? The conditioning of intergroup trust in the context of ethnic conflict. Political Psychology, 43(2), 201-220.
[14] Dawes, R. M. (1980). Social dilemmas. Annual Review of Psychology, 31(1), 169-193.
[15] Dovidio J. F.,& Banfield, J. C. (2015). Intergroup cooperation. In D. A.Schroeder & W. G. Graziano (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of prosocial behavior (pp. 562-581). Oxford University Press.
[16] Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (2010). Intergroup bias. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (pp. 1084-1121). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[17] Faul F., Erdfelder E., Buchner A., & Lang A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G* Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149-1160.
[18] Gaertner S.L., Dovidio J. F. (2009). A common ingroup identity: A categorization-based approach for reducing intergroup bias In T D Nelson(Ed), Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination (pp 489-505) Psychology Press A categorization-based approach for reducing intergroup bias. In T. D. Nelson(Ed.), Handbook of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination (pp. 489-505). Psychology Press.
[19] Hayes A. F.(2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
[20] Hewstone M., Judd C. M., & Sharp M. (2011). Do observer ratings validate self-reports of intergroup contact? A round-robin analysis. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47(3), 599-609.
[21] Ioku, T., & Watamura, E. (2022). Contrast of felt understanding and intergroup relations within and between communities. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 28(2), 245-254.
[22] Livingstone A. G., Fernández Rodríguez L., & Rothers A. (2020). “They just don't understand us”: The role of felt understanding in intergroup relations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119(3), 633-656.
[23] Livingstone A. G., Windeatt S., Nesbitt L., Kerry J., Barr S. A., Ashman L., & Wu J. C. (2020). Do you get us? A multi-experiment, meta-analytic test of the effect of felt understanding in intergroup relations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 91, Article 104028.
[24] Misch A., Paulus M., & Dunham Y. (2021). Anticipation of future cooperation eliminates minimal ingroup bias in children and adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(10), 2036-2056.
[25] Nagar I., Hoter E., & Hasler B. S. (2021). Intergroup attitudes and interpersonal relationships in online contact between groups in conflict. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 24(3), 208-223.
[26] Pagotto L., Visintin E. P., De Iorio G., & Voci A. (2013). Imagined intergroup contact promotes cooperation through outgroup trust. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 16(2), 209-216.
[27] Ramos M. R., Cassidy C., Reicher S., & Haslam S. A. (2015). Well-being in cross-cultural transitions: Discrepancies between acculturation preferences and actual intergroup and intragroup contact. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 45(1), 23-34.
[28] Rand, D. G., & Kraft-Todd, G. T. (2014). Reflection does not undermine self-interested prosociality. Social Science Electronic, 8, Article 300.
[29] Swann Jr., W. B., Rentfrow, P. J., & Guinn, J. S. (2003). Self-verification: The search for coherence. In M. Leary & J. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 367-383). Guilford Press.
[30] Tajfel, H. (1979). Individuals and groups in social psychology. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18(2), 183-190.
[31] Turner R. N., West K., & Christie Z. (2013). Out-group trust, intergroup anxiety, and out-group attitude as mediators of the effect of imagined intergroup contact on intergroup behavioral tendencies. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43(2), E196-E205.

感知理解对心理融合的促进效应^*

Felt Understanding Promotes Psychological Compatibility

PDF

评审附件

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 2

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	杨阳, 罗欢, 蒋丽玮, 李安祺, 汪旭虹, 侯亮. 感知理解对中华民族认同的影响：群际信任的中介作用^*[J]. 心理科学, 2024, 47(6): 1444-1454.
[2]	梁芳美赵玉芳尹晨祖. 共同内群体认同促进民族心理融合：积极解释偏向的中介作用[J]. 心理科学, 2023, 46(2): 386-393.