The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Chinese edition of Multidimension Multiattribution Causality Scale (MMCS), and the structural and characteristics of Chinese students’ locus of control. 925 undergraduates from a national university were administered MMCS scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was employed to analyze the data. The relationship between Locus of Control and mental health (measured by SCL-90 scale) was also analyzed. The results show that the reliability of Chinese edition MMCS is equivalent to its English counterpart. In confirmatory factor analysis when negative-and-positively-worded-items effects induced into the model, 4 factor (effort, ability, context, luck) model and 8 factor (effort, ability, context, luck divided equally into two section, e.g. achievement and affiliation) model of MMCS attain comparatively good fit (CFI=IFI=0.89, RMAES and SRMR<0.05). when the 8 subscale scores were factor analyzed, 2 factors with eigenvalues higher than 1 were extracted, 4 internal scales load exclusively on one factor, and 4 external scales load exclusively on another factor. These results indicate that the internal-external control theory of Rottor is reasonable in Chinese subjects. Further analysis of the data shows that in Chinese subjects the tendency of internal and external control is positively correlated (r=0-31). Indicates in Chinese internal and external control are not extremes of one dimension, they are in some extent inter-connected. The subjects’ total scores on internal subscales are higher than that on external ones, indicates Chinese subjects tend to endorse internal control values. Internal and external control all correlate positively with SCL-90 subscales (r=0.151 for internal and r=0.416 for external). Shows that the more stronger a person is externally controlled, the worse is his mental health condition. But too stronger internal control is also harmful to mental health. As a conclusion, Chinese edition MMCS show satisfactory reliability and validity, it is an applicable in Chinese culture, in Chinese subjects there are also internal and external control dimensions in personality structure. But the dimensions are correlated rather than independent. External control is a stronger indicator of psychological unhealthy compared to internal control, the most adaptive control manner in Chinese culture maybe moderate and appropriate control in specific condition.