The Psychological Demand Theory of Community Corrections — Based on the Grounded Theory

Journal of Psychological Science ›› 2019, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1) : 237-244.

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PDF(1018 KB)
Journal of Psychological Science ›› 2019, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1) : 237-244.

The Psychological Demand Theory of Community Corrections — Based on the Grounded Theory

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Abstract

Community corrections are a special group, coming into being with the establishment of community correction system. In China, although researches on the social support, social exclusion and social integration are concerned about the psychological problems, they put more emphasis on the results of community correction system than community corrections. In practice, it is necessary to pay attention to its psychological health and psychological needs from the perspective of community corrections themselves. This is not only beneficial to promote the work of community correctional staffs, but also?conducive to community corrections return to our society smoothly. All these could reduce reoffending rate, maintain social stability and reflect the advantage of our system. This study is based on the qualitative research paradigm, applying the Grounded Theory to study the psychological needs of community corrections in the process of social integration. On the basis of literature review and field survey, this study completes the written interview, adopting the method of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. Taken 20 community corrections from Chongqing community as the interview object, it conducted a semi-structured interviews,taking the mode of one-on-one, and then selected 15 samples after the selection of transcript release. In the later stage, it takes advantages of the Nvivo11 to analyze the transcript release and extract the theoretical model of community corrections’ psychological needs. It could draw the conclusion as follows: The psychological needs of community corrections include three categories: accepting the reality, maintaining self-image, recovery and reconstruction. Accepting the reality includes accepting the verdict, Catharsis pressure adjustment, and facing reality. Maintaining self-image includes removing the stigma of mental health, protecting the sense of self value, presenting positive self pursuit, and being stuck with something. Recovery and reconstruction include the restoration and reconstruction of basic needs, rehabilitation and reconstruction of relational needs, self-adjustment, and the pursuit of self value. Three requirements of community corrections have stages of psychological process and a progressive relationship in the regression of social and mental health level. The first demand is the acceptance of reality; the second demand is the maintenance of self-image and the third demand is to return to normal. When the first demand is at an advantage, community corrections pay more attention to events and the past. While the second demand is at an advantage, they will have greater motivation to pay attention to the interpersonal interaction. And when the third need is at an advantage, they focus on the present and the future. However, these three major needs are not completely separated. They can exist at the same time, but only one or two of them will be the dominant needs. It could safely offer proposals as following: putting forward the effective suggestions to community corrections and their family, the staff of community corrections and psychological workers according to demands of the three stages. And it could be summed up as “understanding things, accepting persons, and better development”. It also could safely draw a conclusion of psychological demand about community corrections with Chinese characteristics, providing a basis for enriching China's policy of social correction.

Key words

community corrections / psychological needs / grounded theory

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The Psychological Demand Theory of Community Corrections — Based on the Grounded Theory[J]. Journal of Psychological Science. 2019, 42(1): 237-244
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