Abstract: Multicultural experience refers to the multicultural experience generated by individuals leaving their hometown and living in other cities. Cultural attachment is the sense of security generated by establishing an emotional connection with cultural groups (Hong et al., 2013). Cultural confidence is a positive emotional experience that people give full affirmation of their own culture based on understanding it (Zhou & Bi, 2020). After reviewing the relevant literature, it is found that cross-cultural multicultural experience will change individuals' attitudes towards their hometown culture (Lee et al., 2018; Repke & Benet-Martinez, 2017), but it was not clear whether individuals' cross-cultural experience in the same country/region would affect their cultural attitude toward their hometown. This research explored the relationship between regional multicultural experience and hometown cultural attachment and hometown cultural confidence in the context of domestic population migration through 3 studies.
In Study 1, Multicultural Experience Scale, Cultural Attachment Scale (Hong et al., 2013), and Cultural confidence Scale (Zhou & Bi, 2020) were used to assess the relationship between multicultural experience, cultural attachment, and cultural confidence among 222 participants online. In study 2, 149 participants were recruited from a university, and an implicit association paradigm (Karpinski & Steinman, 2006) was added to measure implicit cultural confidence. In study 3, the ingroup preference paradigm (Enock et al., 2018) was employed to measure implicit cultural confidence, and the multicultural experience was primed by reading the material among 85 participants from a university.
Study 1 found that the more multicultural experience individuals had, the lower their hometown cultural confidence level would be, but cultural attachment compensated for this effect. Study 2 showed that only the compensation effect of cultural attachment was found on the explicit level, and relationships between implicit cultural confidence and other variables were not significant. The results of Study 3 were consistent with Study 2. There was no implicit compensation relationship, but it was found that hometown cultural attachment promoted both explicit and implicit hometown cultural confidence.
Regional multicultural experience challenges hometown cultural confidence, but hometown cultural emotion can integrate into the resilience of cultural confidence. Contemporary people's multicultural experience mostly comes from moving from their economically backward and underdeveloped hometowns to generally well-developed big cities. In the process of comparison between different regions, people will be aware of the deficiencies in the economy, culture, and other aspects of their hometown, reducing blind confidence in their hometown culture. At the same time, the interaction between people and their hometown culture prompts people to perceive, pay attention to and understand the strengths of their hometown culture, and rationalize their positive feelings towards their hometown. Pride in hometown culture shields people from various negative influences and keeps them mentally healthy.

Key words: multicultural experience, cultural attachment, implicit cultural confidence, explicit cultural confidence

摘要： 通过三个研究探讨国内人口流动背景下地域多文化经验与文化依恋、文化自信的关系。研究1采用自陈量表进行调查,发现多文化经验越丰富,个体家乡文化自信水平越低,但其家乡文化依恋会补偿这种影响。研究2增加单类内隐联想范式来测量内隐文化自信,但仅在外显层面上发现了文化依恋对多文化经验降低文化自信的补偿作用。研究3采用内群体偏好范式同样未发现内隐层面文化依恋对多文化经验降低文化自信的补偿关系,但发现家乡文化依恋能够促进外显和内隐文化自信。综上可见,地域多文化经验对家乡文化自信形成挑战,但家乡文化依恋情感直接补偿文化自信。

关键词: 多文化经验, 文化依恋, 内隐文化自信, 外显文化自信