Abstract: Stress is a physiological and psychological response to potentially threatening events. With the rapid development of the era, individuals have to face fast-growing stress. Not only the severe stress could lead individuals into anxiety and depression, but also contribute to physical diseases. Mindfulness relieves stress by focusing on the present and an attitude towards acceptance. However, previous researches on the effects of mindfulness on stress were inconsistent, ignoring the complexity and diversity of the processes, and lacked the in-depth investigation of the corresponding mechanisms as well. Monitoring and Acceptance Theory (MAT) provides a clearer mechanism of mindfulness by deconstructing the components of monitoring and acceptance. Therefore, this study is based on MAT to assess the effects of mindfulness on stress and its psychoneurological mechanisms. First, this review introduces the basic concepts and framework of MAT to clarify the conceptual content and psychological operation of monitoring and acceptance. Second, through analyzing the monitoring and acceptance, the inconsistency of the effect of mindfulness on stress is mainly related to the monitoring component. Then, reviewing the past research, this review reveals the neural mechanisms of monitoring and acceptance affecting stress from the cognitive and emotional perspectives. Furthermore, this review summarizes that mindfulness monitoring improves attention and control of stressful stimuli by enhancing attentional monitoring and executive control. While, acceptance relieves stress primarily by changing cognition appraisal and reducing emotional reactivity. In summary, this review expands and complements MAT, which will contribute to the theory and practice study in this field both nationally and internationally. In addition, this review explores the neural mechanisms of monitoring and acceptance affecting stress from the perspective of brain plasticity, summarizes and proposes some directions for further study. Future research should focus on the effects and mechanisms of monitoring; more attention should be paid to the importance of stress stimulus and stress appraisal; new experimental paradigms should be designed to directly assess the psychological and neural mechanisms of the effects of mindfulness on stress through MAT; mindfulness stress-relieving interventions should be improved in order to promote the alleviation of stress problems in contemporary society in practice.

Key words: mindfulness, monitoring and acceptance theory, acceptance, stress

摘要： 压力是对潜在威胁性事件产生的生理与心理反应。正念通过专注当下并保持接纳的态度缓解压力。然而以往关于正念缓解压力的研究并没有明确具体的机制，且忽略了正念影响压力过程中的复杂性与多样性。监控与接纳理论通过解构监控与接纳成分，更加清晰地呈现了正念的作用机制，因此本文依据监控与接纳理论，梳理正念对压力的影响效果及其心理神经机制。未来的研究在探讨正念通过监控与接纳成分影响压力的同时应重点关注监控作用效果与机制；重视压力刺激与压力评估的重要性；设计新的实验范式，直接探究正念监控与接纳对压力影响的心理与神经机制。

关键词: 正念, 监控与接纳理论, 接纳, 压力