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Childhood Psychological Maltreatment and Cyberbullying among Chinese Adolescents: The moderating roles of Perceived Social Support and Gender
金童林 乌云特娜 张璐 李鑫 刘振会
2020, 43(2):
323-332.
With the development of Internet, cyberbullying has gradually become a hot topic in cyber psychology. Previous study showed that the rate of cyberbullying was 60.8% among adolescents. Cyberbullying has caused many physical and mental health problems for adolescents. Empirical studies have shown that childhood psychological maltreatment accelerates deviant behavior of adolescents, while perceived social support decelerates. Among many influencing factors, childhood psychological maltreatment and perceived social support were believed to be strong predictors, so the aim of the present study is to test whether childhood psychological maltreatment accelerates cyberbullying and perceived social support and gender decelerate cyberbullying of adolescents.
There were 447 adolescents selected from several middle school students from Inner Mongolia of China, of which were 242 females and 205 males, the range of the age is from 11 to 17 years old. The questionnaires included the Childhood Psychological Maltreatment Scale (CPMS), Cyberbullying Questionnaire(CBQ) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MPSS). We used SPSS 24.0 and AMOS21.0 to analyze the data, and the unconstrained approach method was used to analyze the roles of perceived social support and gender between childhood psychological maltreatment and cyberbullying of adolescents.
The results show that: (1) Childhood psychological maltreatment was positively correlated with cyberbullying (r=.44, p<.01), and childhood psychological maltreatment was negatively correlated with perceived social support (r=-.14, p<.01); besides, perceived social support was negatively correlated with cyberbullying (r=-.15, p<.01). (2) The structural equation model reveals that the data varies the theoretical model(2/df=2.84, GFI=.90, TLI=.91, CFI=.92, RMSEA=.07). (3) Childhood psychological maltreatment could predict cyberbullying positively (Β=.20, p<.05); Perceived social support could predict cyberbullying negatively (Β=-.11, p<.05); Interaction 1 (Childhood psychological maltreatment×Perceived social support) could predict cyberbullying negatively (Β=-.19, p<.01), which revealed that the moderating effect of perceived social support between childhood psychological maltreatment and cyberbullying was credible, for the group with low level of perceived social support, there was a significant positive relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and cyberbullying(Β=.54, SE=.11, t=4.74, p<.001), but this relationship was not significant for group with high level of perceived social support (Β=-.17, SE=.14, t=-1.29, p>.05). (4) Interaction 2 (Childhood psychological maltreatment×Gender) could predict cyberbullying positively (Β=.29, SE=.04, t=4.30, p<.001), which revealed that the moderating effect of gender between childhood psychological maltreatment and cyberbullying was credible, for the group with male adolescents, there was a significant positive relationship between childhood psychological maltreatment and cyberbullying (Β=.54,SE=.07,t=7.90, p<.001),but this relationship was not significant for group with female adolecents (Β=.13, SE=.09, t=1.44, p>.05).
It is concluded that in the structural equation model of childhood psychological maltreatment
and cyberbullying of adolescents, perceived social support and gender play moderating roles. These findings may contribute to a better way to solve the realistic problems of adolescents’ cyberbullying. Moreover, it can provide us some constructive suggestions and measures to eradicate college adolescents’ cyberbullying.
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